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Displaying 1 - 20 of 71 Index
Oral A Bayesian selection model for incorporating prior information for publication bias in meta-analysis
2011 Madrid
Mavridis, Cipriani, Sutton, Salanti
Background: The Copas parametric model is aimed at exploring the potential impact of publication bias via sensitivity analysis, by making assumptions regarding the probability of publication of individual studies related to the standard error of their effect sizes (Copas and Shi). Review authors…
Oral A descriptive analysis of risk of bias in neonatal trials and the association with effect estimates
2011 Madrid
Bialy, Lacaze-Masmonteil, Dryden, Ha, Armijo-Olivo, Vandermeer, Hartling
Background: Research that quantifies the impact of different biases on effect sizes in neonatal randomized controlled trials (RCTs) has shown conflicting results. A meta-epidemiological study to quantify bias in neonatal RCTs will inform the design, conduct, and interpretation of research in this…
Oral A new strategy for meta-analysis of continuous covariates in observational studies
2011 Madrid
Sauerbrei, Royston
Background: Assessing the effect of a continuous covariate in a single study requires the determination of a dose-response relationship in a model adjusting for other covariates. Even with individual patient data (IPD), summarizing the results of several dose-response functions in a meta-analysis…
Oral A novel approach to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of a sequence of tests
2011 Madrid
Novielli, Cooper, Abrams, Sutton
Background: One diagnostic test is rarely sufficient to complete a diagnosis. Despite this, most diagnostic accuracy studies focus on the evaluation of an individual test, and therefore approaches for the meta-analysis of this diagnostic literature have also focused exclusively on estimating the…
Oral A pilot study of an evidence-based practice training program for Filipino physiotherapists: emerging evidence on outcomes and acceptability
2011 Madrid
Dizon, Grimmer-Somers, Kumar
Background: Evidence-based practice (EBP) has been challenging for health professionals across the globe. Issues of implementing the evidence become even more challenging among health professionals in developing countries, due to cultural and contextual issues which compound the existing barriers…
Oral A systematic review of studies that develop or evaluate search filters for the retrieval of diagnostic studies in MEDLINE
2011 Madrid
Beynon, Leeflang, Eisinga, McDonald, Mitchell, Whiting, Glanville
Background: Search filters are developed to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of searching and are created by identifying and combining search terms to retrieve records with a common feature (e.g. diagnostic accuracy).
Objectives: To determine whether any existing methodological search…
Oral An investigation into the assessment and reporting of harms in clinical studies
2011 Madrid
Smyth, Williamson
Background: The recent ORBIT (Outcome Reporting Bias in Trials) study has shown that outcome reporting bias is an under-recognised problem that affects the conclusions of efficacy outcomes in a substantial proportion of Cochrane reviews [1]. Selective reporting of harms is expected, however there…
Oral Approaches to estimate and present baseline risks: Recommendations for Cochrane reviews ’Summary of findings' tables
2011 Madrid
Hayden, Tomlinson, Ni, Parker, Cartwright, van Tulder, Altman
Background: The ’Summary of findings' (SoF) table is a key tool to present the main findings of Cochrane reviews in a transparent and simple format. The SoF table presents an absolute measure of treatment effect, using a measure of baseline risk to convert relative effect sizes. This is…
Oral Assessing the completeness of systematic reviews via the 'related articles' function and/or a simple structured Boolean search in PubMed,-,a pilot study
2011 Madrid
Hausner, Janzen, Kaiser
Background: From July 2011 the Institute for Quality and Efficiency in Health Care (IQWiG) will assess the additional benefit of newly-approved drugs in Germany on the basis of dossiers provided by manufacturers. This early benefit assessment includes an evaluation of the completeness of the…
Oral Bayesian approach to meta-analysis. What can you gain?
2011 Madrid
Walczak, Borowiack, Nikodem, Siedmiogrodzki, Zapalska, Khan, Meads, Mol, Oude Rengerink, Thangaratinam, Zamora
Background: The Bayesian approach gives new opportunities such as aggregating different types of data, combining direct and indirect comparison or assessing clinical significance. On the other hand, the variety of Bayesian models can beconfusing, and implementation difficulties can cause…
Oral Can trial quality be reliably assessed from a trial publication?
2011 Madrid
Vale, Tierney, Burdett
Background: Assessment of risk of bias (RoB) using information from publications of randomised controlled trials (RCTs) is common practice for systematic reviews. It has been proposed as a basis for adjusting the results of meta-analyses to account for trials assessed at high risk.
Objectives: We…
Oral Capacity building in systematic reviews in South Asia: a South-North collaboration to expand the production and translation of synthesized evidence
2011 Madrid
Koehlmoos, PIgott, Thomson, Ueffing, McGowan, Gazi, Hossain, Snilstveit, Howard
Background: A substantial body of evidence exists to answer many of the questions asked by policymakers and development partners in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). However, evidence is often scattered, inaccessible and rarely presented in a form that provides an indication of the quality…
Oral Characteristics of physicians who receive large payments from industry and the accuracy of their disclosures in concurrent publications
2011 Madrid
Norris, Holmer, Burda, Ogden, McAteer
Background: Authors' financial conflicts of interest (COI) may bias the results of primary studies and therefore systematic reviews. There are few data, however, on the accuracy of COI disclosures in publications of primary research.
Objective: To examine the accuracy of disclosures by…
Oral Communicating Cochrane: An update on the Collaboration’s communications initiative
2011 Madrid
Tarbett
Background: The Cochrane Collaboration conducted a Strategic Review of the organization in 2009 in order to identify areas in which the Collaboration needed to grow, improve, or change. One of these areas was communications and marketing. To help meet this need a Marketing and Communications…
Oral Consensus-based recommendations for investigating clinical heterogeneity in systematic reviews
2011 Madrid
Gagnier, Morgenstern, Moher
Background: It has been argued that systematic reviews (SRs) fail to inform clinical decision-making due to their results being far too general such that the findings do not apply to individual clinical cases. Also, few SRs investigate clinical reasons for heterogeneity and when they do often fail…
Oral Consumer participation in The Cochrane Collaboration - comparison of two models
2011 Madrid
Gyte, Horey
Background: Consumers have been integral to The Cochrane Collaboration since its inception in 1993, making the organisation a leader in consumer involvement across the world. However, we still do not know how to assess the contribution of consumers, or know how to get their input in the most…
Oral Could a search for a diagnostic test accuracy review be restricted to MEDLINE?
2011 Madrid
van Enst, Scholten, Hooft
Background: Often, a search for a review of diagnostic test accuracy studies (DTA review) results in a high number of references to screen. However, if the search could be limited to only the freely accessible database MEDLINE, the number of references needed to screen may be reduced and costs may…
Oral Credence: creation of reliable evidence in developing countries by continuous enabling
2011 Madrid
Mathew, Chandra, Sriganesh, Ejaz, Sharma
Background: The Cochrane Collaboration has an efficient system in place, such that almost anyone interested, can write a Cochrane systematic review. The Cochrane Handbook of Systematic Reviews is so detailed that an author can find the answer to any question encountered. However undertaking a…
Oral Cross-sectional study of abstract quality
2011 Madrid
Pawlak, Bierling, Dellavalle
Background: Abstracts are often the only lasting evidence of research presented at conferences. Abstracts provide valuable information that may not be published outside of conferences. Minimum standard quality and data should be reported in abstracts so the readers can assess the research performed…
Oral Do Cochrane systematic reviews report patient-important outcomes?
2011 Madrid
Howell, Tong, Wong, Howard, Webster, Craig
Background: Despite the proliferation of trial evidence, uncertainty remains about the effect of interventions on outcomes that are important and relevant to patients. Many studies report endpoints that have little meaning for patients.
Objectives: To assess the concordance between the prioritised…