Background: The improvement of the quality of evidence used is important in the case of patients with HIV/AIDS for which multiple treatment and life-modify strategies exist with conflicting reports of efficacy and safety. In Russia, there is a definite deficiency of EBM information for people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA). Objectives: To develop the EBM guidelines for PLWHA, HIV services providers and health authorities. Methods: The participants of the guidelines development team were members of the Russian Society of Evidence-Based Medicine specialists and experienced physicians. At the initial Task Force Workshop, a protocol (methodology) of the project and list of questions for appraisal were developed. The primary source of evidence for guidelines development was The Cochrane Library (CL) but additional searches in bibliographic databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE) were carried out. The following issues were included: prognosis, diagnostics, epidemiology, pre- and postexposure prophylaxis, principles of HAARTand opportunistic infections therapy, HIV infection in pregnancy, vaccinations recommendations for PLWHA, sexually transmitted diseases, nutrition, insolation, physical activity, drugs use, smoking. Results: The editors prepared a final text which was sent out for external peer-review in early 2008. The contribution of CL in guidelines development was evaluated by example of guideline of use co-trimoxazole for treatment and prophylaxis of P. carinii pneumonia (PCP). There were no systematic reviews (SR), metaanalyses (MA) or RCTs of co-trimoxasole efficacy for PCP treatment in CL nor in other bibliographic databases. There were two systematic reviews of co-trimoxasole efficacy for PCP prophylaxis in CL, and only two additional RCTs published after SRs were found in MEDLINE and CL. Similar results were observed during development of other guideline. Conclusions: Use of CL provides an easy-to-use and adequate way for preparing EBM guidelines for people living with HIV/AIDS. A possible limitation of using CL can be the publication of new studies that are not included in Cochrane SRs. Obviously, the best approach is to combine the data from SRs with data obtained by the search of additional studies published after appropriate SRs.