Background: In 2005, evidence-based medicine (EBM) was written as a basic skill into global minimum essential requirements in medical education (GMER). So, how to teach EBM became the hot topic in Chinese medical schools. At present, the most popular method of teaching EBM is through classroom teaching, but our students cannot really understand the principles and methods of EBM if they do not practice it. So, since 1999, Chinese Cochrane Centre began to enroll volunteers from undergraduates. Objectives: To retrospectively analyse the effect of involving undergraduates in EBM practices on improving their abilities. Methods: Through a self-designed questionnaire, the abilities including searching, appraising, using and creating evidence were identified and compared between EBM volunteers and other students. Results: A total of 310 questionnaires were retrieved. Of these undergraduates, 170 were EBM volunteers. The results showed, compared with non-volunteers, EBM volunteers could better understand the principles and methods of EBM (Po0.05), more easily access the relevant medical databases (Po0.05) and solve their clinical issues by appraising and using identified evidences (Po0.05). More systematic reviews and meta-analyses were produced by these volunteers. Conclusions: Involving undergraduates in practicing and researching of EBM is a good method to cultivate their critical thought and improve their abilities to analysis and solve clinical issues.