Background: Delivering evidence based patient care has been emphasized in nursing education and clinical settings. There is a call to educating current and future nurses on the use of evidence-based practice (EBP). Many studies had explored EBP among hospital nurses, but there is limited information and research regarding knowledge of and self-efficacy in EBP among nursing students. Objectives: This study aimed to explore the knowledge of and self-efficacy in evidence-based practice in college nursing students in Taiwan. Methods: A cross-sectional design was used. The Taiwanese version of the Self-Efficacy Evidence-based Practice (SE-EBP) scale were distributed to a convenience sample of 90 nursing students studying in the two-year bachelor nursing program in a college in Taiwan, and 66 nursing students completed the survey, giving a response rate of 73.3%. Results: None of the participants had ever received any EBP course in their nursing education before. This sample had a moderate level of EBP knowledge with a mean total score of 5.21 (range 4 8), a moderate level of EBP self-efficacy with a mean total score of 142.89 (range 37 229), and a moderate level of EBP outcome expectancy with a mean total score of 42.38 (range 4 76). This study results show that there is a lack of knowledge and skills of EBP as well as self-efficacy in EBP among nursing students. EBP self-efficacy was significantly correlated with EBP outcome expectancy (r = .88, p & 0.001), indicating that nursing students with higher levels of confidence in EBP also had higher levels of expectation that EBP would lead to good patient outcomes. However, EBP knowledge was not significantly correlated with EBP self-efficacy (r = .13, p = .31) and EBP outcome expectancy (r = .20, p = .10). Conclusions: This result indicates that there is a need to integrate EBP concepts and skills into nursing education curriculum. The understanding of nursing students knowledge of and self-efficacy in evidence-based practice can provide baseline data to further develop educational program related to EBP. The findings will help nursing educators develop nursing education curriculum to improve the knowledge of and self-efficacy in EBP among nursing students and further promote their evidence-based clinical practice in their future clinical work.