Background: One of the main objectives of Cochrane systematic reviews is to inform practice by presenting evidence strength and information on health care interventions. For traditional medicine, it is very important that the reviews evaluate the treatment adequacy by looking at all information in relation to the interventions reviewed. Objectives: To evaluate completeness of reporting of interventions for the treatment adequacy in Cochrane reviews on Chinese herbal medicine and acupuncture. Methods: All Cochrane systematic reviews with at least one trial included on Chinese herbs or acupuncture published in The Cochrane Library (Issue 1, 2010) were identified and data on treatment were extracted and evaluated based on STRICTA for acupuncture and CONSORT for herbal medicine. Results: Ninety Cochrane reviews have been identified on Chinese medicine, including 63 reviews on herbal medicine and 27 reviews on acupuncture. The reviews of acupuncture described rationale in the background (27/27), defined the intervention in the inclusion criteria (14/27), elaborated needling details (27/27), treatment regimen (26/27), co-intervention (8/27), practitioner s qualification (11/27), controls (27/27), as well as treatment adequacy in the discussion (15/27). For herbal reviews, the rationale of the treatment was described in the background (55/63), the intervention was defined in the inclusion criteria (31/63), treatment adequacy was discussed in the discussion (38/63), while the characteristics of the interventions (3/63), quality of herbal products (0/63), and practitioners qualification (0/63) were seldom described in the results, while treatment regimens (57/63) and control interventions (57/63) were elaborated in most of the reviews. Conclusions: There is great space for improvement of reporting on treatment adequacy in Cochrane reviews on herbal medicines and acupuncture so to inform the practice from review finding. International standards such as STRICTA and CONSORT for herbal medicine can be references for collecting and reporting information on treatment of acupuncture or herbal medicine. This study was funded by the grant No. 2006CB504602 by the National Basic Research Program in China (973 Program) and the 111 project (no. B08006). This work was funded in part by Grant Number R24 AT001293 from the National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine (NCCAM). The contents of this article are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of the NCCAM, or the National Institutes of Health.