Experiences and attitudes toward evidence-informed policy-making among Canadian research and policy stakeholders working at the interface of agri-food and public health

Article type
Authors
Young I1, Gropp K2, Pintar K2, Waddell L2, Marshall B3, Thomas K3, McEwen SA1, Rajic A1
1Department of Population Medicine, University of Guelph, Canada
2Laboratory for Foodborne Zoonoses, Public Health Agency of Canada, Canada
3Centre for Food-Borne, Environmental and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Public Health Agency of Canada, Canada
Abstract
Background: Policy-makers working at the interface of agri-food and public health often deal with complex and cross-cutting issues that have broad health impacts and socio-economic implications. They have a responsibility to ensure that policy-making based on these issues is accountable and informed by the best available scientific evidence.

Objectives: We conducted a qualitative descriptive study of agri-food public health policy-makers and research and policy analysts in Ontario, Canada, to understand their perspectives on how the policy-making process is currently informed by scientific evidence and how to facilitate this process.

Methods: Five focus groups of three to seven participants and five one-to-one interviews were held in 2012 with participants from federal and provincial government departments and industry organizations in the agri-food public health sector. We conducted a thematic analysis of the focus group and interview transcripts to identify overarching themes.

Results: Participants indicated that the following six key principles are necessary to enable and demonstrate evidence-informed policy-making in this sector: (1) Establish and clarify the policy objectives and context; (2) Support policy-making with credible scientific evidence from different sources; (3) Integrate scientific evidence with other diverse policy inputs (e.g. economics, local applicability, and stakeholder interests); (4) Ensure that scientific evidence is communicated by research and policy stakeholders in relevant and user-friendly formats; (5) Create and foster interdisciplinary relationships and networks across research and policy communities; and, (6) Enhance organizational capacity and individual skills for evidence-informed policy-making.

Conclusions: Ongoing and planned efforts in these areas and a supportive culture in both research and policy realms are important to facilitate evidence-informed policy-making in this sector.