Article type
Abstract
Background: In Ethiopia water quality monitoring was the responsibility of Ministry of Water Irrigation and Electricity, and its structures up to Woreda Water Offices as an implementer and Ministry of Health and its respective structures up to Woreda Health Offices as regulator in the case of rural context. In the case of urban, the responsibility falls under town water utilities (FDREMoH 2011). The practicality of water quality monitoring for drinking water in Ethiopia is minimal.
Objectives: What method/s is/are recommended pathogen detection and enumeration methods of diarrhea causing E. coli as valuable to conduct water quality test on drinking water that is provided for community. In addition, correlate the type of diarrhoea prevalence.
Methods: The literature search consists of published literature using Google, Google Scholar, PubMed and Mendeley web based searches. The searches were using major and broad terms for conventional culture based methods; membrane filtration, multiple tube fermentation and Colilert, and molecular-PCR methods with link to diarrhoeagenic E. coli detection and enumeration.
Results: Fifty one (51)articles were gathered in total. The author identified 35 relevant studies; six in Africa, 13 in United States of America (USA), 2 in Canada and the rest 14 are from different countries. Of which ten (10) papers supported membrane filtration (MF) as a priority choice for detection and enumeration of E. coli and negates other alternative methods. Five (5) papers select Colilert (CL) as first priority, one (1) paper equates the three methods (MF, MTF and Colilert) with a range of 90 – 98% detection rate and nineteen (19) papers considers PCR as priority choice.
Conclusions:The application of MF and PCR methods sequentially would give a meaningful analysis that results to inform the policy and practice in linking the HMIS monitoring with the occurrence of diarrhoea using the report and contribute scientific knowledge in terms of prioritising identification and enumeration of E. coli methods of MF and PCR joint application. As there are non-pathogenic E. coli, detecting presence and absence of E. coli was not enough.
Objectives: What method/s is/are recommended pathogen detection and enumeration methods of diarrhea causing E. coli as valuable to conduct water quality test on drinking water that is provided for community. In addition, correlate the type of diarrhoea prevalence.
Methods: The literature search consists of published literature using Google, Google Scholar, PubMed and Mendeley web based searches. The searches were using major and broad terms for conventional culture based methods; membrane filtration, multiple tube fermentation and Colilert, and molecular-PCR methods with link to diarrhoeagenic E. coli detection and enumeration.
Results: Fifty one (51)articles were gathered in total. The author identified 35 relevant studies; six in Africa, 13 in United States of America (USA), 2 in Canada and the rest 14 are from different countries. Of which ten (10) papers supported membrane filtration (MF) as a priority choice for detection and enumeration of E. coli and negates other alternative methods. Five (5) papers select Colilert (CL) as first priority, one (1) paper equates the three methods (MF, MTF and Colilert) with a range of 90 – 98% detection rate and nineteen (19) papers considers PCR as priority choice.
Conclusions:The application of MF and PCR methods sequentially would give a meaningful analysis that results to inform the policy and practice in linking the HMIS monitoring with the occurrence of diarrhoea using the report and contribute scientific knowledge in terms of prioritising identification and enumeration of E. coli methods of MF and PCR joint application. As there are non-pathogenic E. coli, detecting presence and absence of E. coli was not enough.