Methods used for the conduct of rapid reviews on diagnostic tests: a scoping review

Article type
Authors
Arevalo-Rodriguez I1, Moreno-Nunez P2, Nusbaummer-Streit B3, Steingart K4, González Peña LDM5, Buitrago-Garcia D5, Kaunelis D6, Emparanza JI7, Alonso-Coello P8, Tricco A9, Zamora J1
1Hospital Ramon y Cajal (IRYCIS), CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health
2Hospital Ramon y Cajal (IRYCIS)
3Cochrane Austria, Department for Evidence-based Medicine and Clinical Epidemiology, Danube University Krems
4Cochrane Infectious Diseases Group, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine
5Fundación Universitaria de Ciencias de la Salud (FUCS), Hospital de San José
6Canadian Agency for Drugs and Technologies in Health (CADTH)
7Hospital Universitario Donostia, BioDonostia, CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health
8Centro Cochrane Iberoamericano-Servicio de Epidemiología Clínica y Salud Pública, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau)
9Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Epidemiology Division, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Queen's Collaboration for Health Care Quality, Joanna Briggs Institute Centre of Excellence
Abstract
Background: the assessment of healthcare-related tests and diagnostic strategies has arisen as a critical issue for healthcare decision making. Full systematic reviews have been the leading approach to synthesizing healthcare evidence to be used by clinicians, patients and stakeholders. Rapid reviews have emerged as a potentially pragmatic and efficient alternative to systematic reviews for high-priority issues. Although rapid reviews of interventions have been extensively evaluated, at present very little is known of the characteristics of rapid reviews of medical tests.

Methods: we conducted a scoping review to identify and describe rapid reviews of medical tests, regardless of purpose and setting, published from 2013 to 2018. We searched 1) institutional websites of knowledge synthesis developers; and 2) bibliographic databases (MEDLINE and Embase). We collected general review characteristics, as well as methods used for rapid assessment of the evidence. We performed analyses using STATA 15.0®.

Results: we included 191 rapid reviews in our study. Included reviews were developed by large teams (median of 6.5 to 7 authors), within a short timeframe (all less than 12 months), and reported in a limited number of pages (fewer than 10 pages). The scope of the rapid reviews covered multiple index tests (44.4%), attempted the assessment of multiple outcomes (two or more outcomes = 88.5%) and addressed multiple applications (29.3%). We observed that well-known methodological tailoring strategies were not extensively applied. Although poor reporting of some key strategies limits complete evaluation of the methods used, assessed rapid reviews have characteristics comparable to broader knowledge syntheses.

Conclusion: our scoping review is the first that attempts to explore the characteristics and methods used in the development of rapid knowledge syntheses of medical tests. Further efforts are needed to identify the most appropriate methodological framework for conducting rapid reviews addressing diagnostic evidence.

Patient or healthcare consumer involvement: the assessment of methods currently used by rapid review developers promotes timely access to the evidence for clinicians, patients, consumers and decision makers