Brazilian guideline for lung cancer: recommendations and development process

Article type
Authors
OLIVEIRA L1, YUKARI J1, FARINASSO C1, FERREIRA V1, GARGANO L1, PRADO G1, Maior M2, ARAUJO G2, DE MELLO N2, ALVES OLIVEIRA JUNIOR H1, LUCCHETTA R1
1Oswaldo Cruz German Hospital, Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
2Ministry of Health, Brasilia, Federal District, Brazil
Abstract
"Background: Lung cancer accounted for 2.2 million new cases and 1.8 million fatalities in 2020, which made it the leading cause of cancer-related deaths (18%). The Brazilian Unified Health System (SUS) released the most recent edition of its lung cancer guidelines in 2014.
Objectives: Describe the main recommendations in the SUS guideline for the care of people with suspected or diagnosed lung cancer, as well as the procedure for updating the guideline.
Methods: Researchers, experts (i.e., pulmonologist, oncologist, radiologist), representatives of the Brazilian Ministry of Health (MoH), health professional society, and patients participated in the GRADE-based process of updating guidelines. After three meetings, participants outlined the document and the priority of technology assessments for potential coverage in SUS.
Results: Revisions to the original text included recommendations for lung cancer diagnosis, follow-up, and non-pharmacological and pharmacological treatments. There have been assessments of oesophageal (EUS)/endobronchial ultrasonography (EBUS) and PET-CT (positron emission tomography-computed tomography) for staging; reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (rt-PCR) for detection of mutations in the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR); and alectinib and pembrolizumab to systemic treatment of advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer. PET-CT, EBUS/EUS and rt-PCR were considered cost-effective for SUS and were favorably recommended by Conitec (National Committee for Health Technology Incorporation). The guideline is being evaluated by the MoH and will be considered by Conitec, including a public consultation, and publication.
Conclusions: The guidelines will provide recommendations for the therapeutic approach of individuals with lung cancer, improving primary and secondary healthcare while promoting the universality, comprehensiveness, and equity ideals of SUS. "