Article type
Abstract
"Introduction: Aging populations highlight public health concerns regarding elderly frailty and fall risks. The ISAR (Identification of Seniors at Risk) scale is pivotal for identifying high-risk seniors, particularly in hospital and emergency contexts, underscoring the importance of precise risk identification for implementing effective preventive strategies and enhancing elderly health outcomes.
Objective: This study aims to assess the ISAR scale's effectiveness in detecting frailty and predicting fall risks among the elderly, offering recommendations based on literature quality and pertinent data.
Method: Research was conducted using keywords in databases like PubMed, Embase, and The Cochrane Library, focusing on individuals over 65, excluding those with cognitive issues or who are bedridden. From 36 articles, three retrospective studies were chosen based on a joint review for quality assessment using CASP, indicating medium to high quality despite some biases.
Results: The study shows that the ISAR scale can be used to predict hospitalization. Scores of 2 or more significantly raise the risk of hospitalization to 51.6% (p = 0.034), showing that it can help find frailty early on. Moreover, in ICU patients aged 75 and above, ISAR scores were positively correlated with mortality rates (P<0.001), highlighting its prognostic value. The scale's high sensitivity (87.6%) further solidifies its accuracy in identifying frail elderly people, a group particularly vulnerable to falls. This clear link between frailty, as measured by ISAR scores, and a higher risk of falling highlights how important it is to use ISAR scores along with other assessment tools to fully manage and lower fall risks in older people.
Conclusion: Despite certain limitations, the ISAR scale is an effective tool for preliminary or adjunctive screening in clinical practice, identifying high-risk elderly populations for frailty and fall risk. More research, especially randomized controlled trials, is needed to prove that the ISAR scale is useful and accurate. This is because the quality of the evidence is moderate, and the scale is recommended to be used at a Grade B level."
Objective: This study aims to assess the ISAR scale's effectiveness in detecting frailty and predicting fall risks among the elderly, offering recommendations based on literature quality and pertinent data.
Method: Research was conducted using keywords in databases like PubMed, Embase, and The Cochrane Library, focusing on individuals over 65, excluding those with cognitive issues or who are bedridden. From 36 articles, three retrospective studies were chosen based on a joint review for quality assessment using CASP, indicating medium to high quality despite some biases.
Results: The study shows that the ISAR scale can be used to predict hospitalization. Scores of 2 or more significantly raise the risk of hospitalization to 51.6% (p = 0.034), showing that it can help find frailty early on. Moreover, in ICU patients aged 75 and above, ISAR scores were positively correlated with mortality rates (P<0.001), highlighting its prognostic value. The scale's high sensitivity (87.6%) further solidifies its accuracy in identifying frail elderly people, a group particularly vulnerable to falls. This clear link between frailty, as measured by ISAR scores, and a higher risk of falling highlights how important it is to use ISAR scores along with other assessment tools to fully manage and lower fall risks in older people.
Conclusion: Despite certain limitations, the ISAR scale is an effective tool for preliminary or adjunctive screening in clinical practice, identifying high-risk elderly populations for frailty and fall risk. More research, especially randomized controlled trials, is needed to prove that the ISAR scale is useful and accurate. This is because the quality of the evidence is moderate, and the scale is recommended to be used at a Grade B level."