Knowledge, Attitudes, Access, and Confidence in Evidence-Based Practice of Dentistry Clinical Graduate Students in Brazil and Canada - Preliminary Results

Article type
Authors
Miron Stefani C1, Bonfim Misson Paulin L2, de Almeida de Lima A2, Massignan C1, Pacheco-Pereira C3, De Luca Canto G4, Flores-Mir C3
1University of Brasilia, Brasilia, DF, Brazil; Brazilian Centre for Evidence Based Research, Florianopolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
2University of Brasilia, Brasilia, DF, Brazil
3University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
4Brazilian Centre for Evidence Based Research, Florianopolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil; Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
Abstract
Background: Using and utilizing evidence-based practice (EBP) concepts in dentistry graduate specialty programs is crucial for training future generations of dental practitioners capable of effectively applying EBP principles. Objective: To assess the knowledge, attitudes, access, and confidence of graduate students in dentistry clinical specialties regarding EBP in Brazil and Canada using the KACE instrument. Methodology: The original KACE instrument (EBP Knowledge, Attitudes, Access, and Confidence Evaluation) was translated, culturally adapted, and validated into Brazilian Portuguese. Students from dentistry clinical graduate programs in Brazil (two programs) and Canada (eight programs) were invited to complete an online questionnaire containing sociodemographic information and the KACE instrument. Data from Brazilian and Canadian students were compared using Mann-Whitney and Chi-squared statistic tests, with a significance level set at 5%. Results: As of now, 29 students in Canada (from six in eight contacted graduate programs) and nine in Brazil (from two graduate programs) have responded to the survey (data collection is ongoing). The preliminary results indicated no significant difference (p>0.05) between Canadian and Brazilian students for Knowledge (7.1±1.14 and 5.6±2.1 out of 10 possible points, respectively), Attitude (39.0±4.7 and 37.33±5.5 out of 50 possible points, respectively) and Access (31.1±5.4 and 30.7±5.1 out of 45 possible points, respectively). However, Confidence in critical appraisal skills was higher among Canadian students compared to Brazilians (19.2±3.6 and 16.3±7.8 out of 30 possible points, respectively) (p=0.01). The items that differed were those related to confidence in evaluating the “Appropriateness of the study design” (11% of Brazilian students felt confident, against 48% of Canadians, p=0.02) and the “Overall value of the research report” (0% of the Brazilian students felt confident, against 41% of the Canadians, p<0.001). Conclusions: While acknowledging the small sample size of Brazilian students, the results demonstrated no difference in Knowledge of appraisal skills, Attitudes about EBP in Dentistry, or Access to evidence between dentistry clinical graduate students from Brazil and Canada. However, Confidence in critical appraisal skills was lower among Brazilian students.