"Recommendations for the use of biomarkers for the management of
adults with sepsis: scoping review"

Article type
Authors
Mateos-Haro M1, Lopez Alcalde J2, Garcia-Santa-Viñuela A3, Molano-Franco D4, Zamora J5
1Clinical Biostatistics Unit, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
2Clinical Biostatistics Unit, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal (IRYCIS), Cochrane Madrid, CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain; Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Francisco de Vitoria, Madrid, Spain
3Preventive Medicine and Public Health Department, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
4Department of Critical Care, Fundacion Universitaria de Ciencias de la Salud, Hospital de San José, Bogota, Colombia
5Clinical Biostatistics Unit, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal (IRYCIS), CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
Abstract
"Introduction: Biomarkers are invaluable tools for clinicians, enabling them to optimize patient care at the bedside. The information derived from clinical guidelines plays a pivotal role in establishing evidence-based practices. However, a description and evaluation of the recommendations for biomarkers use in adults with sepsis is still needed.
Objective: To identify, describe and display in an Evidence and Gap Map (EGM) the clinical guidelines and recommendations on the use of biomarkers for the management of adults with sepsis.
Methods: Scoping review. We searched for clinical guidelines in Medline, Guidelines International Network, Pan American Health Organization, Trip Database and UpToDate from 2016 to July 2022. Two reviewers independently applied the eligibility criteria and extracted data. We used the Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation-II (AGREE II) tool to assess the quality of the included documents. We displayed the recommendations in an evidence gap map.
Results: We found eight guidance documents, mostly oriented for the general population (75%). Only half of these documents had a robust methodology (scored above 50% in the AGREE II Rigour of development; domain). From these guidelines, we extracted 28 recommendations, of which 17 (60.7%) were developed with GRADE. The recommendations targeted a total of five biomarkers, with 25 (89.2%) recommendations focused on a single biomarker. Lactate and procalcitonin were the most frequent ones, mainly with prognostic purposes (85.8% and 46.4% for treatment
monitoring). Most recommendations pointed to using the biomarker (85.7%) with a strength graded as strong (14/28; 50%) or conditional (12/28; 42.8%).
Conclusions: This scoping review identified and evaluated the clinical guidelines and the recommendations on the use of biomarkers for the management of adults with sepsis. Only half of the guidelines presented a robust methodology. The consistency of the recommendations were low, and only a few biomarkers, mainly lactate and procalcitonin, were addressed, mostly for prognostic issues. The role of these biomarkers for sepsis needs to be better evaluated, and improvements in the guidelines methodological approaches could help to obtain more valid and applicable recommendations."