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Displaying 1 - 20 of 183 records Index
Poster :[P04-33] A collaboration-wide survey of Cochrane authors
2008 Freiburg
Gillies, Maxwell, New, Pennick, Fedorowicz, Van Der Wouden, Oliver, Scholten, Ciapponi, Verbeek
Background: Although the number of Cochrane reviews published each year seems to have stabilised, the number of non-Cochrane systematic reviews is still increasing at a rapid rate and over the years 2005 to 2007 accounted for more than two thirds of the systematic reviews indexed in MEDLINE. For…
Poster A survey analysis of doctors’ perceptions of difficulties in patient involvement in clinical decision making
2008 Freiburg
Zhang, Chen, Wang, Fan, Zhou, Liu, Wang, Dong
Background: In China, an estimated number of over 90% of patients would like to participate in shared decision making, especially when medical costs for health care falls on their shoulders. There has been a discussion of the attitude to patient involvement in clinical decision making, and its…
Poster A synopsis of four Cochrane systematic reviews on bladder training and voiding programmes using metastudy techniques for qualitative research
2008 Freiburg
Roe, Ostaszkiewicz, Milne, Wallace
Background: Bladder training, prompted voiding, habit retraining and timed voiding are behavioural interventions developed for the management of urinary incontinence in adults. Cochrane systematic reviews on their effectiveness have been published. Metastudy techniques are methods developed for the…
Poster A systematic approach to identifying and responding to policymakers needs in evidence-based veterinary public health - food safety
2008 Freiburg
Read, Rajic´, Sargeant, Waddell, Fazil, Pollari, Farber
Background: Several historical reports (National Forum on Health, 1977; Naylor Report, 2003) have emphasized the need to create a culture of evidence-based decision making within public health. An environmental scan in 2004 demonstrated that very few systematic reviews had been published in the…
Poster A systematic review of studies that determine which outcomes should be measured in clinical trials in children
2008 Freiburg
Sinha, Jones, Smyth, Williamson
Background: In clinical trials the selection of appropriate outcomes is crucial to the assessment of whether one intervention is better than another. Selection of inappropriate outcomes can seriously compromise the results of a trial. However, the process of selecting the most suitable outcomes to…
Poster Accessing the evidence: a search portal and reference site for clinical trials in children
2008 Freiburg
Wong, Ghersi
Background: Access to information and transparency regarding ongoing, completed and published clinical research is essential for appropriate decision making. The World Health Organization (WHO) Clinical Trials Search Portal (CTSP) enables users to search a central database that contains the trial…
Poster Adequate adjustment for confounders is vital for a valid interpretation of meta-analyses incorporating non-randomized studies
2008 Freiburg
Schmoor, Schumacher
Background: Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are considered the gold standard for the comparison of treatments. Nevertheless, evidence from non-randomized observational studies (NRSs) is relevant: randomization is sometimes not acceptable to patients, e.g. when treatments differ qualitatively,…
Poster Adjusting for publication bias: a multiple imputation approach
2008 Freiburg
Carpenter, Rücker, Schwarzer
Background: Meta-analysis seeks to combine information from various sources to arrive at a precise, unbiased estimate of an intervention effect. This effort is compromised if the information available to the analyst is subject to unknown selection bias. Considerable effort has therefore gone into…
Poster Ambiguity of study population analysis and reporting in asthma clinical trials
2008 Freiburg
Frampton, Shepherd
Background: Extensive recommendations, including the CONSORT statement, provide guidance on the analysis and reporting of populations in clinical trials to minimize bias. Objectives: This study investigated the clarity of reporting the populations analyzed in clinical trials of asthma…
Poster Assessing risk of bias: comparison of the PEDro scale with Cochrane’s ‘Risk of bias’ tool
2008 Freiburg
Bennett, McCluskey, Tooth, Hoffmann, McKenna
Background: Determining the potential for bias present in randomised controlled trials is an essential part of the process in undertaking a Cochrane review. Many checklists and scales have been developed for assessing the quality of randomised controlled trials. One such system is the PEDro scale…
Poster Assessing the effects of diagnostic tests on patient outcomes: how reliable, informative and practical are randomised controlled trials?
2008 Freiburg
DiRuffano, Dinnes, Hyde, Deeks
Background: The ultimate evaluation of a diagnostic test establishes whether its use confers a benefit to patient outcomes. The clinical effectiveness of a new diagnostic test combines evaluation fo the test with contingent treatment - a so called test-plus-treatment intervention. Preliminary…
Poster Assessing the quality of diagnostic studies that use psychometric instruments: applying QUADAS in a novel area
2008 Freiburg
Mann, Hewitt, Gilbody
Background: Screening and case finding for common mental health problems (such as depression) often relies on the use of brief paper and pencil psychometric instruments, which act as proxies for clinical diagnosis. As with all diagnostic technologies, there is an increasing interest in the…
Poster Assessment of the Cochrane ‘Risk of bias’ tool: a pilot study
2008 Freiburg
Norris
Background: The new Cochrane ‘Risk of bias’ tool (RoB) assesses whether the results of a randomized controlled trial (RCT) are potentially biased. Objectives: To examine the feasibility, ease of use, and reliability of using RoB in a pilot study. Methods: The feasibility and ease of use of RoB were…
Poster Assessment of the methodological quality of reporting of randomized trials in Iranian dental journals
2008 Freiburg
Mahdian, Nasser
Background: Careful design, conduct and analysis of a randomized
controlled trial minimizes bias so that any differences observed between
participants may, apart from random error, be attributed to the intervention.
The assessment of methodological quality of trials is intertwined with
the quality…
Poster Assessment of the validity of a resources-saving selection procedure for non-English studies in systematic reviews
2008 Freiburg
Kreis, Schueler, Eyding, Wieseler
Background: Language criteria for primary studies vary between
systematic reviews: some have no restrictions, whereas others consider
only publications in English or in English and other specified languages. As
translations require considerable resources, these restrictions are understandable;…
Poster Barriers and concerns in patient perceptions of shared decision making in China
2008 Freiburg
Zhang, Liu, Wang, Chen, Zhang, Wang, Fan, Zhou
Background: In China, an estimated number of over 90% of patients would like to participate in shared decision making, especially, when increasing financial responsibility for health care falls on their shoulders. With the movement of evidence-based medicine introduced in the country, more and more…
Poster Beyond synthesis: developing a research program on knowledge translation and exchange
2008 Freiburg
Armstrong, Waters, Doyle, Priest, Willenberg
Background: The Cochrane HPPH Field was established in 1996 and was registered as the Public Health Review Group in 2008. For over ten years, we have been extensively involved in supporting authors of Cochrane reviews relevant to health promotion and public health. As part of our role within the…
Poster Bias associated with inadequate or unclear concealment of allocation in randomized osteoarthritis trials
2008 Freiburg
Nüesch, Reichenbach, Trelle, Rutjes, Bürgi, Scherrer, Jüni
Background: For dichotomous outcomes, inadequate or unclear concealment of allocation is associated with an overestimation of treatment effects when subjective outcomes are assessed. Objectives: We determined whether inadequate or unclear concealment is associated with biased estimates of treatment…
Poster Brazilian oral health journals in Scielo: an open access tropical treasure?
2008 Freiburg
De Souza, Chaves, Nasser, Fedorowicz
Background: Open access publishing has become increasingly popular within the biomedical sciences. SciELO, the Scientific Electronic Library Online, presents digital libraries of scientific journal collections of full text articles with open access. There are some oral health journals among SciELO…
Poster Carnival time: a mapping exercise of Brazilian oral health journals
2008 Freiburg
Marchesan, De Souza, Pereira-Cenci, Fedorowicz
Background: Brazil is a rich resource in oral health research largely as a result of its many dental schools. Much of this research is not indexed to the larger international databases and thus is not available to the global community. Some reports of trials may have also been ‘buried’ as a result…