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Displaying 1 - 20 of 28 records Index
Poster A method for allocating evidence in meta-analyses
1994 Hamilton
Goodman
Introduction: Even though meta-analytic methods are often described as a means to combine evidence from multiple studies, standard meta-analytic methods contain no formal measure of this evidence. Most standard methods can be re-interpreted as a sum of log-likelihood curves (Goodman, CCT, 1989),…
Poster A method to aggregate results of trials with heterogeneous treatment modalities: a rheumatology example
1994 Hamilton
Boers, Felson, Kessels, Anderson
Introduction: Meta-analysis of antirheumatic therapy has been hampered by the fact that many different drugs have been tested in placebo or head-to-head comparisons, but too few trials are available for any given comparison to perform quantitative analysis with confidence. A previous meta-analysis…
Poster A proposed methodology for assessing the effectiveness of geriatric services
1994 Hamilton
Cole, McCusker
Discussion: Given limited resources, there is increasing concern about the effectiveness of geriatric services. This paper presents a new methodology for assessing evidence of effectiveness of these services. This methodology, adapted from the analytic practices of the Canadian Task Force on the…
Poster An experience of retrieving clinical trials on the drug therapy in acute ischemic stroke using the Japanese medical database
1994 Hamilton
Origasa, Ueki
Introduction: The 3rd International Symposium on Thrombolytic Therapy in Acute Ischemic Stroke was held in Japan on April 1994. Although many clinical trials have been or will be conducted on the theme, there has been no overall assessment. Japanese collaboration is really expected to achieve the…
Poster Can brief interventions reduce alcohol consumption in drinkers at risk of alcohol related harm? A meta-analysis of clinical trials
1994 Hamilton
Song, Freemantle, Sheldon, Webb
Objective: To assess the effectiveness of brief interventions to reduce alcohol consumption.
Methods: Meta-analysis of randomised control trials located through MEDLINE & PSYCHLIT searches, manually checking reference lists, and consultation with clinical experts. Setting: Primary care.…
Poster Clinical trial registries and ethics review boards: the results of a survey by the Fichtre Project
1994 Hamilton
Boissel, Haugh
Introduction: Registration of clinical trials at inception could play an important role in research, by avoiding duplication of trials and serving as a source of information on the existence of clinical trials for those wishing to perform overviews. In order to fulfill their role efficiently those…
Poster Community health interventions: are they effective?
1994 Hamilton
Smith, Gelskey, Moffatt, Kaita
Introduction: In 1972 Cochrane advocated the widespread use of RCTs in community health, but subjective opinion suggests they may yet be under-used and lack methodologic rigor.
Objective: To 1) identify all intervention studies in journals of community health and determine the number of RCTs and…
Poster Cost-effectiveness in health care: results of a systematic review
1994 Hamilton
Gray
Introduction: Economic evaluations frequently make use of cost-effectiveness league tables to provide a comparative context for their results. But such league tables may have been criticised as potentially biased or misleading because of their small size, lack of detail, selection criteria, and…
Poster Development of a database of studies examining methodologies used in controlled trials and systematic reviews
1994 Hamilton
Cowan, Halpern, Kunz, Oxman, Sackett
Introduction: Many methodological criteria have been established to maximize validity of controlled trials and systematic reviews. Although these criteria are justified on theoretical considerations, many have not been examined empirically, and in a systematic manner, to evaluate whether they…
Poster Diagnostic validity of clinical tests in temporomandibular disorders: a meta-analysis
1994 Hamilton
Gross, Haines, Goldsmith, Mclntosh, Thomson
Introduction: The clinical diagnosis is considered the essential first step in patient management for temporomandibular disorders. However, the diagnostic accuracy of these tests is not clear. This meta-analysis determined the validity of clinical diagnostic tests for the diagnostic subgroup…
Poster Do benzodiazepines work? A meta-analysis ordeal
1994 Hamilton
Holbrook, Lotter, Crowther, Cheng, King
Introduction: There is considerable debate in the Literature, both scientific and lay, about the overall risk:benefit ratio of benzodiazepines, commonly used medications for insomnia and anxiety.
Objective: We evaluated the feasibility of meta-analysis of the literature on therapeutic use, harm,…
Poster Economic evaluations in the intensive care literature: do they help us solve our financial problems?
1994 Hamilton
Heyland, Kernerman, Cook, Gafni
Objective: To determine the extent to which economic evaluations published in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) literature provide information that could potentially improve the efficiency of critical care medicine.
Methods: We searched computerized bibliographic databases and manually searched key…
Poster Evolving methodological guidelines for systematic reviews of randomized control trials in health care
1994 Hamilton
Cook, Sackett, Spitzer
Discussion: Methodologic guides for the conduct of systematic reviews are continuing to evolve. One recent contribution took place at the Postdam Consultation on Meta-analysis in March 1994. Beginning with prior guidelines and submissions from conference participants, we developed the next…
Poster Generalising the results of clinical trials
1994 Hamilton
Glasziou, Irwig
To which groups of patients can we apply the results of clinical trials? Authors and readers often answer this question by reference to the trial entry criteria, that is, the sample frame from which subjects came. As an alternate and more rational answer to the question, we extend a model suggested…
Poster How can systematic reviews of randomised trials be used for assessment of cost-effectiveness of surfactant treatment for neonatal respiratory distress?
1994 Hamilton
Mugford, Soll, Jefferson
Discussion: There is a growing recognition of the need both for economic evaluations to use the results of systematic reviews of effectiveness, and for trials to include measures required for economic evaluation. It is therefore important to think about how reviews of such trials may inform…
Poster Interventions to enhance patient adherence to medication prescriptions
1994 Hamilton
Kanani, McKibbon, Haynes
Introduction: Medications cannot be effective if they are not taken by patients. Many patients have difficulty following prescriptions.
Objective: To summarize the results of published studies of interventions to improve adherence with prescribed medications.
Methods: A systematic review of…
Poster Methodological quality of randomized clinical trials on treatment efficacy in low back pain
1994 Hamilton
Koes, Bouter, van
Introduction: During the last decades the number of published randomized clinical trials in low-back pain has accumulated. For some interventions considerable numbers of trials are available. Trials have been shown to vary substantially regarding their quality.
Objective: To assess the…
Poster On the accuracy of history, physical examination and erythrocyte sedimentation rate in diagnosing low-back pain in general practice. A criteria-based review of the literature
1994 Hamilton
van, Koes, van, Bouter
Objective: To evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of history taking, physical examination, and erythrocyte sedimentation rate in low-back pain in general practice, for radiculopathy, vertebral cancer, and ankylosing spondylitis.
Methods: Review of the literature for studies presenting data on…
Poster Qualitative meta-analyses: improvement of markers for validity and precision
1994 Hamilton
van, de, de, de, Koes
Introduction: In areas where clinical trials are heterogeneous with respect to population, interventions and outcome measures, qualitative or criteria based meta-analyses are an effective and informative way for aggregation of clinical trial results. A criteria list is used for the standardised…
Poster Systematic review of the effectiveness of injury control interventions in children
1994 Hamilton
Klassen, King, Dueck, Oxman
Introduction: Injuries are the leading cause of death in children and adolescents.
Objective: To determine the effectiveness of injury interventions at reducing injuries and reasons for variability between studies.
Methods: Searching electronic databases, writing to authors, reviewing…