Background: Mounting evidence suggests that individuals incarcerated or supervised by justice systems have higher rates of unresolved physical and mental health problems, are at risk of premature death and account for a disproportionate volume of all infectious disease carriers. While this evidence is compelling, the full potential of the supporting evidence base has yet to be realized, making decisions on research and intervention priorities difficult. This study provides results from exercises in knowledge mapping by the Network for Justice Health – a group of researchers from around the world addressing healthcare issues of justice-involved populations. Objectives: To describe existing knowledge and to identify knowledge gaps for research prioritization purposes using mapping software and coded bibliographic data from around the world on specific conditions. Methods: These mapping and graphing exercises describe knowledge surrounding justice health at several levels of abstraction. At the highest level of abstraction, bibliographic information is coded for country of origin, population studied, and type of condition studied. This allows for overviews on where information is being produced, on what populations, and for what conditions affecting justice-involved adults and youth. Results: Automated graphing and mapping programs produce displays of knowledge production around the world as well as more specific results (population prevalence, relative risk ratios, and populations affected). These are used to guide the Network for Justice Health in prioritizing research on interventions, systematic reviews, and primary descriptive studies. Conclusions: The newly formed Network for Justice Health aims to provide a systematic and rationale framework for proceeding with research, including systematic reviews. Mapping and graphing of coded information from the thousands of research publications on justice health issues. These tools are discussed in the context of existing resources for standardized summary tables and evidence displays, as well as the usefulness of this process in guiding this research group that includes many Campbell and Cochrane participants.