Background: prognosis is a description of the probable course of individuals with a health condition. Review and synthesis of prognostic factor and prognostic model studies is a relatively new and evolving area. Critical appraisal of prognosis studies is challenging, but essential to assess and identify biases sufficiently large to distort study results.

The QUIPS (Quality in Prognostic Studies), CHARMS (Critical Appraisal and Data Extraction for Systematic Reviews of Prediction Modelling Studies) and PROBAST (Prediction model risk of bias assessment tool) tools are useful and reliable to assess risk of bias in studies of prognostic factors and models. All three tools are domain-driven with signalling items developed to guide review authors to set up a data extraction list, or to assess the risk of bias in a study.

Objectives: this workshop will familiarize participants with sources of bias is prognostic factor and prognostic model studies, and introduce participants to the QUIPS, CHARMS and PROBAST tools.

Description: this interactive workshop will inform and train participants on systematic reviews of prognostic factors and models. The workshop will be split into two sessions. The first session will give an overview of the QUIPS, CHARMS and PROBAST tools and guidance on how to use it. In the second half of the workshop, participants will have the opportunity to experience these new tools and to discuss issues with the creators of the tools.