Background: Human health is increasingly threatened by global warming, necessitating a thorough understanding of the research progress in this critical area and offering insights for future studies. Methods: This comprehensive review explores existing research on global warming and human health up to August 2022. A systematic search strategy was employed to obtain relevant studies, and the data were organized using Excel 2021. To visualize various aspects of the research landscape, we utilized GraphPad V.8.2.1, VOSviewer V.1.6.16, and R-Studio V.1.4 software to create graphs and networks depicting author and country collaborations, journal article distribution, hotspot clustering, and future trend predictions. Results: The analysis revealed a remarkable upsurge in the number of publications in recent years, with intensified research and collaborations observed in Asia, Europe, North America, and Oceania, particularly in the United States. Leading journals such as Nature and Science have significantly contributed to the growing attention to this field. Current research in this domain emphasizes the multifaceted impacts of global warming on public health and societal activities, alongside exploring adaptive measures adopted by humans in response to these changes. As the world grapples with the global pandemic, it is expected that further investigations will spotlight related topics in the future. Conclusions: The evidence of global warming's impact on human health is becoming increasingly apparent, warranting global cooperation to mitigate its effects and promote public health. This study serves as a foundation for researchers and policymakers alike, highlighting the significance of addressing global warming and its implications on human well-being. By fostering international collaboration, we can collectively strive towards sustainable strategies to combat climate change and safeguard public health.