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Displaying 41 - 60 of 317 records Index

Oral Assessing the usability of ACROBAT-NRSI for studies of exposure and intervention in environmental health research

2015 Vienna
Morgan, Thayer, Guyatt, Blain, Eftim, Ross, Santesso, Holloway, Schünemann
Background: Recently, A Cochrane Risk Of Bias Assessment Tool (ACROBAT) was released to examine internal validity (risk of bias) in non-randomized studies of interventions (NRSI). The applicability of ACROBA- NRSI to studies dealing with exposures or interventions in environmental health has not…

Oral Authors need guidance on creating clinical pathways in Cochrane diagnostic test accuracy systematic reviews

2015 Vienna
Gopalakrishna, Langendam, Scholten, Bossuyt, Leeflang
Background: Developing the clinical pathway of a medical test can help test accuracy review authors define more precisely the target condition and study eligibility criteria for their reviews. Such pathways also help in understanding the impact of testing on clinical management decisions and…

Oral Best evidence for better practice: using social media to help nurses engage with evidence

2015 Vienna
Chapman
Background: In February 2014, a Cochrane Review was published that found no evidence that the use of structured pressure ulcer risk assessment tools, which is a standard practice in National Health Service (NHS) hospitals in the UK, reduces pressure ulcer incidence. In April, the review was cited…

Oral Best evidence for optimal aging: filter the information overload using the McMaster Optimal Aging Portal

2015 Vienna
Dobbins, Watson
Background: There is so much health information freely available on the internet relevant to 'optimal aging' (staying healthy, active and engaged as we grow older), that it is difficult to know which messages are trust-worthy. The McMaster Optimal Aging Portal does the work for you:…

Oral Bias in measurement of adverse outcomes in non-randomised studies

2015 Vienna
Junqueira, Lana, Menezes de Pádua, Zorzela, Vohra
Background: The assessment of risk of bias (RoB) in systematic reviews has recently evolved with the development of a Cochrane RoB tool for non-randomised studies of interventions (ACROBAT-NRSI). The tool evaluates internal validity of non-randomised studies (NRS) through signalling questions…

Oral Building a database of respiratory guidelines: why, how, and what for?

2015 Vienna
Welsh, Stovold
Background: Cochrane Review Groups are encouraged to demonstrate impact by tracking guidelines that incorporate their reviews. To help with this we began to compile a collection of guidelines that cite Cochrane Airways Group reviews. This grew into the idea of establishing a general collection of…

Oral Building a systematic review movement in the humanitarian field

2015 Vienna
Ott
Background and Objectives: Humanitarian actors and researchers have amassed evidence about the state of knowledge in the humanitarian sector, including grey literature assessments of what works and what does not. Synthesizing this information and gaining research uptake by policymakers and…

Oral Building capacity for systematic reviews in low-income countries beyond the classroom: the Africa centre for systematic reviews and knowledge translation

2015 Vienna
Obuku, Kinengyere, Ssenono, Sewankambo
Background: Researchers in sub-Saharan Africa have limited knowledge and skills to conduct systematic evidence syntheses. The 'Africa Centre' at Makerere University, College of Health Sciences Uganda was set up to address this gap in the East African region. Objectives: To describe our…

Oral Building capacity to support evidence-informed public health: an innovative knowledge broker mentoring program

2015 Vienna
Dobbins, Ciliksa, Yost
Background: To achieve evidence-informed decision making (EIDM) in public health requires both organizational support and commitment alongside the development of knowledge, skill and capacity among individual practitioners. One promising strategy for EIDM is knowledge brokering. Objectives: 1.…

Oral CBRG QuickDecks: a new tool for sharing the best evidence in back and neck pain care

2015 Vienna
Irvin, Furlan, Munhall, Danak, Kim, Marin
Background: It is important to create different summary products in addition to scientific publications to support claims about interventions based on evidence from Cochrane Reviews. The Cochrane Back Review Group (CBRG) wanted to create a product that would decrease the burden and yet encourage…

Oral CHecklist for critical Appraisal and data extraction in systematic Reviews of clinical prediction Modelling Studies (CHARMS)

2015 Vienna
Moons, de Groot, Bouwmeester, Vergouwe, Mallett, Altman, Reitsma, Collins
Background: Publications on multivariable clinical prediction models have become abundant for both prognostic and diagnostic purposes. Systematic reviews of these studies are increasingly required to identify and critically appraise the existing evidence. There is currently no checklist or tool…

Oral Calculating costs: facing challenges for a cost comparison of day surgical and inpatient varicose vein surgery as an example

2015 Vienna
Fischer
Background: Evidence-based medicine (EbM) and Health Technology Assessments (HTA) aim to improve health care and allocation of resources, so besides clinical aspects, cost calculations are becoming more important, with selection of data being crucial for an appropriate calculation. Objectives:…

Oral Can an evidence-informed taxonomy be used to map vaccination communication interventions in ‘real world’ settings? Findings from Nigeria

2015 Vienna
Oku, Oyo-ita, Lewin, Glenton, Fretheim, Ames, Kaufmann, Hill, Cartier, Cliff, Muloliwa, Rada, Bosch-Capblanch
Background: Effective communication is key to improving childhood vaccination coverage and is the focus of the Communicate to Vaccinate (COMMVAC) project. In earlier work, we developed a taxonomy of communication interventions to help decision makers understand and consider options for…

Oral Capacity-sharing for improved filtering of information for decision-making in the African context

2015 Vienna
Stewart, Langer, Zaranyika, Choge, Erasmus, Jordaan, Mitchell, Gerald
Introduction: There is limited capacity in systematic reviewing and evidence-use in low- and middle-income countries, particularly across Africa. This is reflected in the Global Evidence Synthesis Initiative (GESI) in which Cochrane plays a leading role. There are however significant pockets of…

Oral Challenges and considerations in assessing the reporting quality of systematic reviews in overviews using PRISMA

2015 Vienna
Jia, Chen, Zhang, Zhao, Zhang
Background: Overviews bring systematic reviews (SRs) together and serve as a user-friendly 'digest' that can be used by clinicians and policy makers in making decisions. Poor reporting of SRs diminishes value of the overview to clinicians and policy makers. The reporting quality of SRs…

Oral Challenges conducting a Cochrane Review of public health ‘implementation strategies’

2015 Vienna
Williams, Wolfenden
Background: Targeting health risk behaviours in children is an important aspect of chronic disease prevention, as heath behaviours established in childhood are likely to track into adulthood. Schools are an attractive setting for the implementation of child-focused chronic disease prevention…

Oral Change score or follow-up score? An empirical evaluation of the impact of choice of mean difference estimates

2015 Vienna
Fu, Holmer
Background: In randomized controlled clinical trials, continuous outcomes are typically measured at both baseline and follow-up, and mean difference could be estimated by using the change score from baseline, using the follow-up scores, or using the analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) model. When there…

Oral Characteristics of network meta-analysis reviews from Cochrane

2015 Vienna
Porfirio, Nogueira, Cabrera, Parra, Freitas, Torloni, Riera, Atallah
Background: Network meta-analysis is a study design that allows indirect comparisons between interventions when there are no studies with direct comparisons. Although there is no standard method, crucial points, as the level of similarity within studies (called transitivity or similarity) and, the…

Oral Cochrane 2.0: Tweeting and blogging to disseminate child health evidence

2015 Vienna
Hartling, Hamm, Newton, Fernandes, Featherstone, Thomson
Background: Healthcare providers desire ready access to reliable synthesized information to support point-of-care decision-making. Virtual communities, facilitated by the adoption of social media tools such as Facebook, Twitter, and YouTube, are increasingly used for knowledge mobilization,…

Oral Cochrane Clinical Answers: filtering the information overload for better clinical decisions

2015 Vienna
Tort, Pettersen, Burch
Background: Healthcare professionals need point-of-care access to reliable and high-quality synthetized information from up-to-date research. Cochrane Reviews provide a valuable source of information, but can take a long time to read and have a large volume of data, much of which may not be…