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Displaying 1701 - 1720 of 3551 records Index
Oral Practitioner research – what is it and how can we use it in evidence reviews and guideline development
2017 Cape Town [Global Evidence Summit]
Shaw, O'Neill
Background: Practitioner research is research designed, undertaken and interpreted by practitioners and professionals, rather than by academics or ‘professional' researchers. It is a research approach often used in areas such as social care. Whilst the use of participatory and user research,…
Oral Presentation of time-to-event outcomes in GRADE Summary of Finding (SOF) tables: Evaluation of Cochrane Cancer Reviews
2017 Cape Town [Global Evidence Summit]
Skoetz, Meerpohl, Weigl, Dwan, Lebonte, Narayan, van Dalen
Background: Time-to-event outcomes are commonly used in survival analyses to describe the duration of time until a given event (e.g. death) and are usually measured as hazard ratios (HR). The GRADE approach to calculating absolute effects is to establish a baseline (event rate at a particular point…
Oral Presenting summary information from Cochrane systematic reviews: randomised-controlled trial of infographics vs. standard text-based summaries
2017 Cape Town [Global Evidence Summit]
Buljan, Malički, Wager, Puljak, Hren, Kellie, West, Alfirević, Marušić
Background: Consumers often have problems understanding the standard presentation of research findings. Cochrane is engaged in developing infographics to complement plain-language summaries (PLS) and scientific abstracts of systematic reviews.
Objectives: To test the effectiveness of…
Oral Primer in systematic reviews: enhancing capacity to find, appraise, interpret and use systematic reviews
2017 Cape Town [Global Evidence Summit]
McCaul, Rohwer, Durao, Kredo, Garner, Young
Health staff need help to find, appraise, interpret and apply findings from systematic reviews in topics that they understand and are important to them. We developed a generic course to increase the capacity of researchers, practitioners and policy makers to use systematic reviews. We implemented…
Oral Priority areas for systematic reviews in chronic otitis media – findings of a systematic-scoping process
2017 Cape Town [Global Evidence Summit]
Chong, Head, Vijayasekaran, Bhutta, Schilder, Burton, Brennan-Jones
Background: In 2016, we started a project to produce a suite of Cochrane reviews for people with chronic otitis media (COM). COM is chronic inflammation of the middle ear with discharge through a tympanic membrane perforation. Incidence is higher among children and people in lower and middle-income…
Oral Process and lessons learned during priority setting in three countries in Africa
2017 Cape Town [Global Evidence Summit]
Effa, Durao, Kredo, Mbuagbaw, Meremikwu, Ongolo-Zogo, Wiysonge, Young
Background: Within the Cochrane Africa Network (CAN), stakeholder-driven priority setting informs the conduct of relevant reviews to inform local policy and practice. It also ensures efficient use of resources to address relevant health care issues. Although there is no gold standard, there are…
Oral Providing public access to health evidence through Wikipedia
2017 Cape Town [Global Evidence Summit]
Levi
Background: Wikipedia is a popular, collaboratively edited web encyclopaedia. Critics have pointed to risks of misinformation due to poor quality and relevance of sources. We initiated a project where health evidence from SBU’s systematic reviews is used on Swedish Wikipedia.
Objectives: To…
Oral Quality ratings of reviews in overviews: a comparison of reviews with and without dual (co-)authorship
2017 Cape Town [Global Evidence Summit]
Büchter, Holstiege, Waltering, Pieper
Background: Previous research shows that many authors of Cochrane overviews were also involved in some of the included systematic reviews (SRs). This type of dual (co-)authorship (DCA) may be considered to be a conflict of interest and a potential source of bias. No research has been conducted to…
Oral Quantifying how diagnostic test accuracy depends on threshold in a meta-analysis
2017 Cape Town [Global Evidence Summit]
Jones, Gatsonis, Trikalinos, Ades
Background: Many tests for disease produce an explicit continuous measure, e.g. the concentration of a biomarker in a blood sample. This is dichotomised at some threshold to call the result positive or negative. In a meta-analysis of diagnostic test accuracy, the threshold used often varies across…
Oral Quaternary prevention - the role of Point-of-Care tools
2017 Cape Town [Global Evidence Summit]
Blaine
Background: Improvements in healthcare have led conversely to overtreatment and overdiagnosis. Quaternary prevention is defined as an action taken to identify patients at risk of overmedicalisation, to protect them from new medical invasion, and to suggest alternative, acceptable care. Point-of-…
Oral Rapid-review process to identify priorities for updating published guidelines
2017 Cape Town [Global Evidence Summit]
Stein, Kelly
Background: Once published, guidelines can become outdated quickly and recommendations require re-evaluation against new evidence to remain valid and safe. SIGN guidelines are reviewed for update 3 years after publication. Scoping and review processes to identify whether new evidence may change…
Oral Readability of different formats of information about Cochrane systematic reviews: a cross-sectional study
2017 Cape Town [Global Evidence Summit]
Karacic, Buljan, Marusic
Background: Health literacy is considered to be an important predictor of health status. The Cochrane Collaboration uses different forms of presenting summary information from systematic reviews to different audiences, including press releases, scientific abstracts, plain-language summaries (PLS)…
Oral Readiness of Parliaments to engage with the Sustainable Development Goals: Implementability of the Inter-Parliamentary Union's Self-Assessment Toolkit
2017 Cape Town [Global Evidence Summit]
Watera
Background: National parliaments have a key role in enacting legislation, allocating budgets, representing the voice of the people and ensuring accountability for effective implementation of national and global frameworks. One such framework is the 2030 Agenda for Development embedded in the…
Oral Reliability and validity assessment of a risk-of-bias instrument for non-randomised studies of exposures
2017 Cape Town [Global Evidence Summit]
Morgan, Thayer, Santesso, Holloway, Guyatt, Schunemann
Background: We modified the risk-of-bias (RoB) tool for non-randomised studies of interventions (ROBINS-I) for use in studies of environmental and occupational exposures (ROBINS for exposures). Objectives: To assess reliability and validity of ROBINS for exposures through comparison with other…
Oral Reporting of information retrieval in Campbell Systematic Reviews
2017 Cape Town [Global Evidence Summit]
Hammerstrøm, Axelsdottir, Biedilæ
Background: The Campbell Collaboration is embarking on a series of methods reviews, in which the intention is to examine the extent to which Campbell reviews comply with Campbell standards; identify and encourage good practice; and, to compare methods applied in Campbell reviews to non-Campbell…
Oral Returning peer reviewer comments for Cochrane protocols and reviews via webinars: A pilot project
2017 Cape Town [Global Evidence Summit]
Walsh, Gurusamy, Dearness, Vanderheyden
Background: The publishing of Cochrane Reviews is sometimes slowed due to lengthy waiting times for peer-reviewer comments. A review author received a grant from the National Institute for Health Research to complete a suite of 30 Cochrane Reviews and chose to receive peer comments for the 18…
Oral Risk of bias versus quality assessment in systematic reviews: a comparison between ROBIS and AMSTAR
2017 Cape Town [Global Evidence Summit]
Minozzi, Cinquini, Capobussi, Gonzalez-Lorenzo, Pecoraro, Banzi
Background: Systematic reviews (SRs) are widely used to support the development of clinical guidelines and other documents driving decisions in healthcare. Suboptimal SRs can be harmful and a reliable assessment of their validity is essential. A widely used tool is the AMSTAR checklist, while the…
Oral RobotReviewer: a tool for automating evidence synthesis — development and evaluation to date, and future plans
2017 Cape Town [Global Evidence Summit]
Marshall, Kuiper, Wallace
Background: The exponential growth of biomedical literature has greatly increased the burden on those producing systematic reviews and guidelines, thus hindering our ability to practice evidence-based medicine. To meet these demands, we need new computational tools and methods to expedite evidence…
Oral Screening for Chlamydia trachomatis: A policy brief
2017 Cape Town [Global Evidence Summit]
González , Caicedo , Huérfano , Gaitán
Background: Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) infection is recognised as a public health issue. It is the first cause of curable Sexually Transmitted Disease in men and the second in women. Generally, it presents as an asymptomatic infection but, in some cases, can evolve to Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (…
Oral Setting priorities for primary research: disaggregating systematic review data to inform the Healthy Lives Trajectories Initiative (HeLTI)
2017 Cape Town [Global Evidence Summit]
Nicol, Visser, Rollins, Siegfried
Background: The Healthy Life Trajectories Initiative (HeLTI) will establish intervention research cohorts in Canada, China, India and South Africa to inform global policy and practice regarding interventions to reduce childhood obesity rates. We developed a method to prioritise the choice of…