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Displaying 61 - 80 of 154 records Index
Poster Evidence-based practice: how far away for the Chinese clinicians to go?
2000 Cape Town
Liu
Background: Evidence-based medicine (EBM) is still novel for most of the Chinese clinicians. As a developing country, China shares scarce resources of health care; furthermore, there exists waste of the resources. How to improve cost-benefit in health care becomes an important work for endeavor. We…
Poster Exercise based cardiac rehabilitation for coronary heart disease
2000 Cape Town
Jolliffe, Rees, Taylor, Thompson, Oldridge, Ebrahim
Objective: To determine the effectiveness of exercise based cardiac rehabilitation programmes on mortality, morbidity, health related quality of life, and risk factors in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD).
Methods: A systematic review of the literature was carried out with quantitative…
Poster Exploring the evidence-based decision-making process among public health decision-makers
2000 Cape Town
Dobbins, Brunton
Background: To gain insight into the use of systematic reviews by public health decision-makers in Ontario in policy decision-making and program planning.
Methods: A modified grounded theory, qualitative research design was used in this study. Public health managers and directors from two public…
Poster Female condom introduction and sexually transmitted disease Prevalence: A community intervention trial in Kenya
2000 Cape Town
Kuyoh, Feldblum, Bwayo, Omari, Ryan, Welsh
Background: The purpose of this study was to compare sexually transmitted disease (STD) prevalence in cohorts of women with and without access to female condoms.
Methods: Six matched pairs of communities were identified from tea, coffee and flower plantations. One community within each pair was…
Poster Ferrets and MeerKats!
2000 Cape Town
Davey, Adams, Howson, Sims
Abstract: ferret \'fer(t\ n. & v. - n. 1. a small half-domesticated polecat, used in catching rabbits, rats, etc. 2. a person who searches assiduously - v. (OED) Cochrane Groups spend time and expense searching for hard copies of trials relevant to their work. Linking lists of the journal…
Poster Fitting a square peg in a round hole: Developing a quality assessment tool for non-randomized studies in public health
2000 Cape Town
Thomas, Micucci, O'Brien
Background: In the field of public health where randomised controlled trials (RCTs) may be difficult to implement, inappropriate, unethical or of uncertain advantage, the effectiveness of interventions is many times measured by other designs. Some evidence suggests that non-randomised studies (NRS…
Poster Formal criteria for establishing equivalence in meta-analysis Of randomized clinical trials
2000 Cape Town
Prins, de
Abstract: The demonstration of 'equivalence' is an increasingly important issue in clinical research, since new treatments and diagnostic strategies are becoming available, which instead of being better, are less expensive or more convenient. Consequently, equivalence has to be addressed…
Poster From individual decisions to health management: an evidence-based experience from Piaui/Brazil.
2000 Cape Town
Batista, Atallah
Background: Piaui is poorest state of the poorest region of Brazil (the Northern), where there is still a high mortality by preventable diseases. However, cardiovascular disorders (36,8%) and cancer (10,5%) are the leading causes of death. This paper intends to describe our experience with the…
Poster HIV / AIDS and behaviour change - The impact of Soul City at an individual and broader community level of analysis.
2000 Cape Town
Goldstein, Scheepers, Usdin, Maker, Tshabalala, Shongwe, Japhet
Abstract: In the absence of a cure or vaccine for AIDS, communication strategies which impact on the complexity of gender roles and safe sex practices, remain key to curbing the HIV / AIDS epidemic. Popular, entertaining media is increasingly used as a vehicle for health promotion and social change…
Poster Handsearch and electronic search projects in Japan
2000 Cape Town
Tsutani, Hirose, Kurihara, Hirata, Kaneko, Yamazaki, Kaneiwa, Nakayama, Matsushima
Background: It is estimated that Japan has ca 10,000 RCTs/CCTs in ca 2,500 published in health journals, but only 2,220 RCTs/CCTs have been identified in the Cochrane Library/ CENTRAL 1999 issue 3. To improve this situation and to make Japanese RCTs/CCTs more accessible to the world, a small…
Poster Handsearching in german paediatric journals
2000 Cape Town
Bassler, Galandi, Forster, Antes
Background: Because of the huge amount of medical literature the importance of review articles for clinical decision making increases. Methodological flaws often affect the validity of reviews. One major problem is the identification of all relevant trials. In the project presented here, we…
Poster How editors of leading Chinese medical journals involving in Cochrane collaboration - Experience of Chinese cochrane center
2000 Cape Town
Li, Li, Wang, Zhang, Liu
Objective: To provide more high quality Chinese clinical trials for Cochrane systematic review and to improve the reporting quality of Chinese clinical trials by involving the leadership and chief editors of leading Chinese Medical Journals (CMJs) in Cochrane Collaboration (CC).
Methods: A…
Poster How to search for clinical trials on the LILACS database using the internet
2000 Cape Town
Castro
Abstract: LILACS is the most complete and frequently updated (every four months: January, May and August) collection of databases for recording and disseminating the scientific production of Latin American and Caribbean Health professionals. It is the result of a cooperative effort between the…
Poster Identifying randomized controlled trials in the journal Aids
2000 Cape Town
Kennedy, Rutherford
Background: Searching electronic databases such as MEDLINE is a standard way to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs). However, prior studies have shown that MEDLINE fails to recognize 30% of RCTs, primarily due to miscoding by National Library of Medicine coders and unclear description of…
Poster Identifying randomized controlled trials published in German general health care journals using medline and embase: How useful is the controlled
2000 Cape Town
Galandi, Bassler, Antes
Background: To reduce the impact of selection bias in meta-analyses and increase the power of their results the identification of as many trials as possible is essential. Electronic databases are effective and timesaving tools to identify clinical trials. . The identification of Non-English-…
Poster Impact of community animal health services: A systematic review
2000 Cape Town
Martin
Background: Community animal health services has been promoted by Government and Non-Government Organisations for almost 20 years in developing countries. It assumes that basic preventive and curative care for animals delivered by community animal health workers will improve the health and wealth…
Poster Improving the international coverage of controlled trials: A search of the Australasian medical index
2000 Cape Town
McDonald
Background: Minimising bias in reviews which results from the inadequate retrieval of relevant studies is an ongoing concern. The Australasian Medical Index (AMI) is the leading source of health literature published in Australia, and specialises in covering literature not indexed in databases such…
Poster Influence of the number Of viable units on the potency Of BCG vaccine in children
2000 Cape Town
Chouchkova, Dimkova
Abstract: The study was intended to confirm the consistency of freeze-dried BCG vaccine production by estimating the number of viable units (NVU) as well as the induction of adequate tuberculin sensitivity mid local lesions of immunized children. The strategy followed was to evaluate the efficiency…
Poster Instruments used for evaluation of medical literature
2000 Cape Town
Tuut, Wittenberg, Rutjes, Assendelft
Abstract: Already for several years now, a number of Dutch organisations has accumulated experience with development of evidence based clinical guidelines. A committee of national experts involved in guideline development, acting on behalf of key stakeholders, has indicated that instruments have to…
Poster Integrating a systematic review/cochrane review course in a master's of science programme - Implications for the Cochrane collaboration.
2000 Cape Town
Ohlsson
Objective: 1. to design a systematic review/Cochrane review course for healthcare professionals, with some training in critical appraisal of the literature and study design. 2. to increase the production/ publication of high quality systematic reviews/Cochrane reviews.
Methods: A reading course…