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Displaying 21 - 40 of 275 records Index

Poster A tool to measure complexity in public health interventions and classification of studies based on their complexity status

2018 Edinburgh
Shankar, Guddattu, Nair
Background: Public health interventions include organized measures to prevent disease, promote health, and prolong life among the population as a whole. Public health interventions are usually prefixed with the word 'complex'. The innate characteristics of these interventions to cater…

Poster AHRQ EPC pilot projects: improving health systems' access to high quality evidence

2018 Edinburgh
Evidence-based Practice Center Program 2018 Methods Workingroup, Gerrity, Fiordalisi, Summer, Guise, Borsky, Chang
Background: Health systems want access to the best evidence to provide high-quality care to patients. However, they have limited time and resources to identify and incorporate evidence into practice. Objectives: The Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) funds 12 Evidence-based…

Poster AMSTAR 2 and ROBIS tools: our first-hand experience

2018 Edinburgh
Chakranon, Lee, Tang, Lai
Background: Systematic reviews are widely used by researchers and decision-makers to guide recommendations. The quality of evidence, and hence the strength of recommendations, is influenced by the quality of the systematic review as well as the included studies. Several tools are now available to…

Poster Academic detailing as a strategy to implement a HIV guideline in primary health care

2018 Edinburgh
Bones, Cazella, Stein
Background: There are several HIV guidelines, based on the age group and clinical condition of the patient. After the START study, the primary health care approach to HIV care is a new challenge, especially for those patients who are asymptomatic and have a CD4 count higher than 350, and in…

Poster Accessing and using information for choosing over-the-counter (OTC) medicines by consumers

2018 Edinburgh
Mullanurova, Sharafutdinova, Korableva, Ziganshina
Background: The large number of medicines available on the shelves of pharmacies and the aggressive marketing strategies used by pharmaceutical companies make it difficult to choose over-the-counter (OTC) drugs. This is why the provision and dissemination of reliable, objective information is…

Poster Achieving saturation in qualitative analysis: developing a codebook for a study on peer review in biomedical journals

2018 Edinburgh
Glonti, Hren
Background: Sample size considerations in qualitative research typically rely on saturation, which broadly refers to the point where no further information is obtained from interviewing additional subjects. Achieving saturation of concepts or themes is often used as a criterion for discontinuing…

Poster Addressing challenges in the conduct of a systematic review of clinical prediction models in rheumatoid arthritis

2018 Edinburgh
Archer, Clowes, Hamilton, Pandor, Stevenson, Stevens, Hock, Essat, Poku
Background: Health professionals need to be able to judge which patients newly diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) may experience a worse prognosis to inform appropriate care. Objective: Systematically review evidence on selected tests and assessment tools in the evaluation of prognosis in…

Poster Addressing co-morbidities of spondyloarthritis through patient organization partnerships

2018 Edinburgh
Major, Walsh, Gerhart
Background: The Canadian Spondylitis Association (CSA) is a national non-profit patient association supporting and advocating for those living with spondyloarthritis (SpA). SpA describes a group of inflammatory arthritic diseases that attack the spine and, in some people, the joints of the arms and…

Poster Addressing problems of non-transportability when combining treatment effects across patient populations in meta-analyses: a causality framework

2018 Edinburgh
Vo, Porcher, Vansteelandt
Background: Standard methodology for meta-analysis often focuses too much on deriving a summary treatment effect but remains silent about the patient population for which this summary statistics is described. Furthermore, some common treatment effect measures – i.e. odd ratios (OR) and hazard…

Poster Advancing research integrity: a programme to embed good practice in Africa

2018 Edinburgh
Rohwer, Wager, Young, Garner
Background: The public’s trust in science depends on research integrity. Institutions need robust policies and strategies to implement this. We have promoted research integrity at institutions in a new programme, which included both high-level engagement in policies ('top down') and a…

Poster Advantages and challenges of including randomised and non-randomised evidence in a systematic review: example of advanced or metastatic renal cell carcinoma

2018 Edinburgh
Edwards, Karner, Kew, Wakefield
Background: Several therapies have recently become available for people with previously treated advanced or metastatic renal cell carcinoma (amRCC), but comparative efficacy cannot be assessed for all treatments via network meta-analysis (NMA) of only randomised controlled trials (RCTs).…

Poster Agreements about risk of bias in randomized controlled trials on different interdental cleaning aids

2018 Edinburgh
Poklepovic Pericic, Sambunjak, Johnson
Background: Evaluation of internal validity of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) included in Cochrane systematic reviews (CSR) implies critical assessment of the risk of bias (RoB) in the studies' results, and is regarded an essential component of a review process. The Cochrane RoB tool…

Poster All that glitters is not gold: predatory journals may be open access, but not openly accessible

2018 Edinburgh
Le, Qureshi, Rosman, Scherer, Li
Background: 'Non-predatory' journals are traditionally viewed as contributing to a symbiotic relationship where both publishers and authors benefit through financial gain and academic reward. 'Predatory' journals, however, are often viewed differently; we refer to persistent…

Poster An experience of producing a group of diagnostic test accuracy reviews on the diagnosis and staging of skin cancer

2018 Edinburgh
Scott, Prescott, Doney, Boyle, Dellavalle
Background: Cochrane Skin is moving towards a model of supporting a smaller number of high priority systematic reviews, especially those where novel methodological approaches are required. Here we present our experience of supporting priority reviews in a new area of Diagnostic Test Accuracy (DTA…

Poster An innovative approach for getting research evidence in development projects for development agency work

2018 Edinburgh
Kamga, Mbah Okwen
Background: There has been a steadily growing political focus on the quality of aid that is provided by development agencies. Most of these agencies have invested a lot of resources and strength in making sure they improve the quality of aid by basing programmes on evidence of what works,…

Poster Annotating Cochrane systematic reviews of interventions

2018 Edinburgh
Beecher, Friesen, Becker, Mavergames
Background: As part of the Cochrane Linked Data project we are PICO (Population, Intervention, Comparison, Outcomes) annotating our systematic reviews (SR) of interventions. PICO is the structure generally used to formulate a SR question and the search strategy to retrieve studies to be included…

Poster Appraising the quality of evidence in age estimation studies: a systematic review

2018 Edinburgh
Ding, Mosdøl, Dahlberg, Rolseth, Staumann, Bleka, Vist
Background: Age estimation of living adolescents and young adults of unknown age has been of considerable interest in forensic practice and research, especially for purposes of age identification of refugees. A variety of methods that use the skeletal maturation stages for age estimation have…

Poster Are results from clinical study registers considered in recent interventional Cochrane Reviews? A systematic review

2018 Edinburgh
Goldkuhle, Kaiser, Skoetz
Background: Publication bias in systematic reviews (SR) could result in serious over- or underestimation of effects. Statistical methods to detect this bias are methodologically limited and depend on the number of included trials. Therefore the search of clinical trial registries is a substantial…

Poster Are retracted studies affecting our reviews?

2018 Edinburgh
Pardo Pardo, Harbin, Welch
Background: Although most of the scientific literature is sound, there are cases of fraud in the scientific arena. Retraction is the mechanism used by publishers to indicate that a study is problematic. Objectives: To assess how Campbell and Cochrane Reviews have dealt with retracted studies…

Poster Are the search and data extraction procedures similar between Cochrane Reviews and systematic reviews from other high impact factor journals?

2018 Edinburgh
Porfírio, Pacheco, Parra, Latorraca, Martimbianco, Pachito, Riera
Background: Screening and retrieving information from primary studies is the basis of a robust and reliable systematic review (SR). The unbiased selection of included studies is one of the main objectives of the research synthesis. Since its origins, the methodology of how to screen and extract…