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Workshop Issues in using, interpreting, and presenting patient-reported outcomes in Cochrane Reviews
2018 Edinburgh
Devji, Patrick, Guyatt
Background:
Systematic reviews and meta-analyses of randomized trials that include patient reported outcomes measures (PROMs) provide crucial information for patients and clinicians facing challenging healthcare decisions. Based on emerging methods, guidance on combining PROMs in meta-analyses…
Poster Methodologies for critical appraisal of prevalence studies: a systematic review
2018 Edinburgh
Migliavaca, Stein, Colpani, Falavigna
Background: Prevalence estimates have an important role in public health, supporting decisions related to health policies. Despite their importance, and considering that systematic reviews of prevalence studies have been increasingly published in the literature, there is still uncertainty and lack…
Poster Overcoming the difficulties of meta-analysis in psychotherapy
2018 Edinburgh
Lopez, Ciapponi
Background:
Although the number of systematic reviews (SRs) and meta-analysis (MAs) that evaluate the efficacy of psychotherapy has increased in recent years, the evidence is still scarce compared to studies of medical treatments. This limitation could be explained by the low number of randomized…
Workshop "The Cochrane Library is a peer-reviewed publication" – what does this mean in practice?
2018 Edinburgh
Urquhart, Bell-Syer
Background:
The aim of pre-publication peer review of a Cochrane Review by independent people, including patients and consumers, is to assess the validity and quality of the review. Authors are able to improve their review in response to this feedback prior to publication, thereby improving the…
Poster 'Destaques Cochrane’: an initiative for making Cochrane Reviews more popular among students and health professionals in Brazil
2018 Edinburgh
Riera, Pacheco, Martimbianco, Latorraca, Pachito, Atallah
Background:
The 'Revista Diagnóstico e Tratamento’ (RDT, published by Associação Paulista de Medicina since 1996) is a quarterly Brazilian medical journal that aims to offer medical updated content based on the best scientific evidence. Its articles are indexed in the LILACS database and are…
Oral 'Listen to my heart': qualitative researchers and people living with rheumatic heart disease (RHD) collaborate to provide guidance for future RHD research
2018 Edinburgh
Zuhlke
Objectives:
A group of qualitative researchers and people living with rheumatic heart disease (RHD) from six countries convened in Cape Town late in 2016 to provide direction for sociological research on RHD to improve care.
Methods:
People living with RHD shared accounts of the realities of…
Workshop 'Screen For Me': harnessing the efficiencies of machine learning and Cochrane Crowd to identify randomized trials for Cochrane Reviews
2018 Edinburgh
Noel-Storr, Thomas, McDonald, Dooley
Background:
Machine learning and citizen science initiatives within Cochrane are transforming Cochrane's centralised efforts to identify reports of trials. The RCT Classifier and Cochrane Crowd are highly accurate at distinguishing between records that are likely to describe RCTs and those…
Poster A blog series by Students 4 Best Evidence: to explain and promote 36 ‘key concepts’ essential for assessing treatment claims
2018 Edinburgh
Carter, Ryan-Vig
Background:
An Informed Health Choices (IHC) project developed a list of 36 ‘key concepts’ (attached) designed to help people assess claims about the effects of treatment, and to be used as a starting point from which teachers and other intermediaries could develop resources to help people…
Oral A case study of involving members of a parent advisory group in developing the search strategy for a systematic review
2018 Edinburgh
Bethel, Hunt, Boddy, Abbott, Rogers, Thompson-Coon
Background:
It is considered good practice to include the public in systematic reviews as team members or as part of an expert advisory group. We know little, however, about how to conduct involvement in search strategy development or what impact this may have. Our systematic review of parent-to-…
Poster A comparative study of publication bias in systematic reviews of traditional Chinese medicine and conventional medicine
2018 Edinburgh
Wang, Hu, Wen, Fang, Zhao, Tan, Lu, Liu, Wang, Zhang, li, Li, Liu, Song, Fei
Background:
With the development of the methods to detect and reduce publication bias, the impact of publication bias on the results of systematic reviews (SR) should be reduced. As global interest in traditional medicine grows, the number of published SRs of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM)…
Poster A comparison of methods for meta-analysis of a small number of studies with binary outcomes
2018 Edinburgh
Mathes, Kuss
Background: Meta-analyses often only include a few studies. Estimating between-study heterogeneity is difficult in these cases. An inaccurate estimation of heterogeneity can result in biased effect estimates and confidence intervals (CIs) that are too narrow. Research has shown that this is…
Oral A comparison of two assessment tools used in overviews of systematic reviews: ROBIS versus AMSTAR
2018 Edinburgh
Perry, Leach, Davies, Penfold, Ness
Background:
AMSTAR (A MeaSurement Tool to Assess systematic Reviews) is an 11-item tool that has been used frequently to check the quality of a systematic review and determine whether the most important elements are reported. The recently developed ROBIS (Risk of Bias in Systematic Reviews) tool…
Poster A descriptive analysis of non-Cochrane child-relevant systematic reviews published in 2014
2018 Edinburgh
Gates, Elliott, Johnson, Thomson, Williams, Fernandes, Hartling
Background:
Consumers, clinicians, policymakers and researchers require high quality evidence to guide decision making in child health. Though Cochrane systematic reviews (SRs) are a well-established source of evidence, little is known about the characteristics of non-Cochrane child-relevant SRs…
Oral A forward search algorithm for detection of extreme study effects in network meta-analysis
2018 Edinburgh
Petropoulou, Salanti, Rücker, Schwarzer, Moustaki, Mavridis
Background: In a quantitative synthesis of studies via meta-analysis, it is likely that some studies provide a markedly different intervention effect or have a large impact on effect estimates and/or heterogeneity. There are several methods to identify outlying studies in a meta-analysis. Most of…
Oral A framework for meta-analysis of prediction model studies with binary and time-to-event outcomes
2018 Edinburgh
Debray, Damen, Riley, Snell, Reitsma, Hooft, Collins, Moons
Background: It is widely recommended that any developed prediction model - diagnostic or prognostic - is validated externally in terms of its predictive performance measured by calibration and discrimination. When multiple validations have been performed, a systematic review followed by a formal…
Poster A methodological research of non randomized controlled trials in network meta analysis
2018 Edinburgh
Ling, Ge, Yang
Background:
The majority of network meta-analyses published to date have incorporated data from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) only, however, more and more network meta-analyses of treatment interventions include non-randomized trials (NRSs). NRSs can complement RCTs or address some of their…
Poster A model for network meta-analysis of rare events
2018 Edinburgh
Efthimiou, Rücker, Egger, Salanti
Background:
The Mantel-Haenszel method has been used for decades now to synthesize data obtained from studies that compare two interventions with respect to a binary outcome. It has been shown to perform better than the inverse-variance method or Peto’s odds ratio when data are sparse. Network…
Poster A nationwide survey of the attitudes of doctors and dentists in training towards use of evidence-based practice
2018 Edinburgh
Hong, Jones, Cochrane UK and Ireland Trainees Advisory Group
Background:
The use of best evidence is vital to improving patient outcomes yet the extent to which trainee clinicians are motivated to engage with evidence-based practice is unclear.
Objectives:
The Cochrane United Kingdom and Ireland Trainees Advisory Group (CUKI TAG) undertook a national…
Oral A new resource in the enhanced Cochrane Library: Cochrane Clinical Answers
2018 Edinburgh
Tort, Burch, Pettersen
Background:
Cochrane Clinical Answers (CCAs) are an important tool for making the results from Cochrane Reviews accessible and usable at the point of care. They are evidence-based answers to the clinical questions addressed by Cochrane Reviews, covering a wide range of topics, and aimed primarily…
Poster A overview of systematic reviews about patients' values and preferences with AMSTAR II
2018 Edinburgh
Bai, Ling, Esoimeme, Yao, Wang, Shi, Dou, Chen, Tian, Wang, Yang
Background:
These days more and more systematic reviews (SRs) are published to measure patients' values and preferences in different areas of diseases, but their methodological quality is varied and unclear. The AMSTAR II (A MeaSurement Tool to Assess systematic Reviews II) checklist…