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Displaying 1 - 20 of 261 records Index
Poster 'Sometimes similar, sometimes different': a systematic review of meta-analyses of random and nonrandomized policy intervention studies
2006 Dublin
Shepherd, Bagnall, Colquitt, Dinnes, Duffy, Sowden
Background: While the randomized controlled trial (RCT) is generally regarded as the design of choice in health care, within public policy there is considerable debate about the suitability of RCTs and non-randomized studies (NRS). As the first stage of a study to explore effect sizes from…
Oral A NICE Collaboration with Cochrane
2006 Dublin
Melder, Cleves, Bromham, Francis, Macbeth
Conclusions: It is important to recognise that although Cochrane reviews provide rigorous summaries of the evidence there is a gap between what the evidence states and what a panel of clinical experts and patient representatives have to balance with respect to contextual issues (local settings and…
Poster A consumer-led project on evidence-based healthcare information for consumers
2006 Dublin
Coghlan, Brinkman, Fournier, Hart, Horgan, McKenzie, Parnell, Pierce, Wale, Chippindall
Background: This project is to inform the use of evidence-based information in healthcare consultations. It is funded by the Australian Department of Health and Ageing (Category Two funding for Cochrane entity activities in Australia).
Objectives: To develop materials promoting the use of…
Workshop A demonstration and guide to SCHARP, a software application for the analysis and plotting of individual patient data (IPD) meta-analysis
2006 Dublin
Tierney, Tinazzi, Stewart, Burdett
Objectives: To demonstrate the main features of the software to enable those attending the workshop to use SCHARP in their own IPD meta-analyses.
Summary: There is no commercial software package that can analyse and plot completely the results of meta-analyses from randomized trials that use…
Poster A hybrid effects model for bias-risk adjusting meta-analysis
2006 Dublin
Thorlund, Wetterslev, Brok
Background: Fixed-effect and random-effects models may lack consistency when heterogeneity is present. When systematic bias causes heterogeneity both models may perform poorly.
Objectives: To incorporate bias-risk adjustment in meta-analyses with heterogeneity.
Material: We searched The Cochrane…
Poster A method of prioritising review topics: map the distribution of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in the Cochrane Review Group Trials Register
2006 Dublin
Bellorini, Dorée
Background: The prioritisation of relevant and productive systematic reviews is a central concern of The Cochrane Collaboration. It is also of increasing interest to funders. There are many ways in which Cochrane Review Groups (CRGs) can attempt to prioritise review topics. We sought to generate a…
Workshop A new tool to incorporate implementation data into systematic reviews - applying the Oxford Implementation Index
2006 Dublin
Underhill, Mayo-Wilson, Gardner, Operario, Montgomery
Objectives: To disseminate, demonstrate, and discuss a new methodological tool that helps systematic reviewers integrate implementation data throughout the review process. At the end of the session, participants will be prepared to:
- identify variation in implementation across trials;
- use the…
Oral A novel approach to mixed-treatment meta-analyses
2006 Dublin
Shrier, Steele, Platt
Background: Traditional meta-analyses only include direct head-to-head studies. However, it may be unethical to compare a novel treatment to placebo if an effective treatment exists. A meta-analysis restricted to direct comparisons would require many years to evaluate a novel treatment in the…
Poster A project to help Cochrane Review Groups (CRGs) to improve the quality of Cochrane reviews on Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM)
2006 Dublin
Zhang, Li, Li, Wu, Li, Wang
Background: Though the number of Cochrane reviews on TCM has been increasing, problems have affected the quality of reviews on TCM including inconsistency in methodology, misuse of terminology, and poor writing. These issues have been raised by the Monitoring and Registration Group, and some Review…
Poster A provisional model for when to update systematic reviews
2006 Dublin
Moher, Eccles, Grimshaw, Garritty, Sampson, Tsertsvadze
Background: As the number of systematic reviews increases, investment in empirical updating methodology research is becoming imperative. Updating systematic reviews is multi-factorial yet no model exists as to how to move the process forward.
Objectives: To present an overview of a proposed…
Poster A sensitive MEDLINE search strategy to retrieve studies of diagnostic imaging test performance
2006 Dublin
Astin, Brazzelli, Fraser, Counsell, Needham, Grimshaw
Background: Search strategies to identify randomized controlled trials are well established. However, strategies to retrieve diagnostic studies from the literature are less well developed.
Objectives: To develop a sensitive search strategy for MEDLINE to retrieve studies of diagnostic test…
Poster A simultaneous comparison of multiple pharmacological treatments for bipolar disorder: an application of Bayesian statistical methods
2006 Dublin
Bravo Vergel, Dunn, Asseburg, Beynon, Woolacott, Soares-Weiser, Geddes, Gilbody
Background: Bipolar I disorder is a severe and recurrent mood disorder associated with high morbidity and mortality. A number of pharmacological interventions have been evaluated for the prevention of relapse. Previous systematic reviews have focused on pairwise, direct comparisons of treatments,…
Poster A systematic approach to choosing outcome measures for meta-analyses of healthcare interventions
2006 Dublin
Ipser, Stein
Background: One of the difficulties in synthesising data in meta-analyses of healthcare interventions is choosing between the multitude of outcome scales which are used in clinical trials. Traditional approaches to estimating treatment effects are not ideal, involving as they do either the ad hoc…
Poster A systematic review of appraisal tools for clinical practice guidelines: multiple similarities and one common deficit
2006 Dublin
Vlayen, Aertgeerts, Hannes, Sermeus, Ramaekers
Background: One way to implement clinical practice guidelines into daily practice are clinical pathways. Unlike clinical practice guidelines, no (validated) instrument exists to assess the methodological quality of clinical pathways. A possible strategy to develop a critical appraisal tool for…
Poster Access to electronic health knowledge in five countries in Africa: a descriptive study in postgraduate doctors
2006 Dublin
Smith, Bukirwa, Mukasa, Adeh-Nsoh, Mbuyita, Honorati, Orji, Garner
Background: Electronic access in sub-Saharan Africa is improving, but subscriptions to electronic medical journals are expensive. The Health InterNetwork Access to Research Initiative (HINARI) is a World Health Organization initiative to allow free access. We conducted the first formal evaluation…
Poster Adjusting for publication bias in meta-analysis
2006 Dublin
Moreno, Sutton, Ades, Abrams, Peters, Cooper
Background: Publication bias (PB) is known to be a threat to the validity of meta-analysis (MA) that may consequently lead to incorrect decisions in health policy. A new Bayesian approach that adjusts for PB is proposed and results compared with existing methods.
Objectives: The purpose of this…
Oral Adjustment of meta-analyses on the basis of quality score ranking should be abandoned
2006 Dublin
Gillespie, Herbison, Hay-Smith
Background: Jüni et al1 evaluated 25 Quality Assessment Scales using 17 trials comparing heparins for thromboprophylaxis in general surgery, and found that the type of scale used to assess trial quality dramatically influenced the interpretation of the meta-analysis. They noted that "strictly…
Workshop Advanced Cochrane Effective Practice and Organisation of Care Group (EPOC) workshop
2006 Dublin
Jamtvedt, Gruen, Tove Kristoffersen
Objectives: To facilitate understanding of methodological issues specific to EPOC reviews, and to highlight particularly challenging areas.
Summary: This workshop will first give a brief overview of EPOC reviews and will then quickly move into an interactive session on issues particularly relevant…
Poster Advancement of the methodological quality through a measurement tool to assess reviews: AMSTAR
2006 Dublin
Shea, Grimshaw, Wells, Boers, Hamel, Porter, Moher, Tugwell, Bouter
Background: The objective was to develop a user-friendly tool to assess the methodological quality of systematic reviews, building upon previous tools and expert consensus.
Methods: A 37-item assessment tool to measure the quality of systematic reviews was formed by combining 1) the enhanced…
Poster African randomized controlled trials - too hard to find?
2006 Dublin
Siegfried, Busgeeth, Clarke, Pienaar, Volmink
Background: A Cochrane methodology review found that handsearching journals not indexed in MEDLINE, in particular those published in languages other than English, can be a valuable way to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of healthcare interventions.
Objectives: We sought medical…