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Displaying 1 - 20 of 46 Index
Oral A critical appraisal of meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials - a cardiovascular perspective
1994 Hamilton
Farkough, Flather, Yusuf
Introduction: Many meta-analyses have been published in the cardiovascular field over the past decade. There are now examples where the results of meta-analysis combining data from a number of small trials addressing a given clinical problem have been later confirmed (the early fibrinolytic meta-…
Poster A method for allocating evidence in meta-analyses
1994 Hamilton
Goodman
Introduction: Even though meta-analytic methods are often described as a means to combine evidence from multiple studies, standard meta-analytic methods contain no formal measure of this evidence. Most standard methods can be re-interpreted as a sum of log-likelihood curves (Goodman, CCT, 1989),…
Poster A method to aggregate results of trials with heterogeneous treatment modalities: a rheumatology example
1994 Hamilton
Boers, Felson, Kessels, Anderson
Introduction: Meta-analysis of antirheumatic therapy has been hampered by the fact that many different drugs have been tested in placebo or head-to-head comparisons, but too few trials are available for any given comparison to perform quantitative analysis with confidence. A previous meta-analysis…
Poster A proposed methodology for assessing the effectiveness of geriatric services
1994 Hamilton
Cole, McCusker
Discussion: Given limited resources, there is increasing concern about the effectiveness of geriatric services. This paper presents a new methodology for assessing evidence of effectiveness of these services. This methodology, adapted from the analytic practices of the Canadian Task Force on the…
Oral A strategy to promote research-based nursing care: effects on childbirth outcomes
1994 Hamilton
Hodnett, Kaufman, O'Brien-Pallas, Chipman
Introduction: Survey data, when compared to CCPC (Cochrane Collaboration Pregnancy and Childbirth) Overview results, showed many gaps between research evidence and intrapartum nursing practice. A strategy had successfully altered selected physician practices but had never been tested with nurses.…
Oral A systematic overview of the effectiveness of audit and feedback to improve health care provider performance
1994 Hamilton
Thomson, Oxman, Haynes, Davis
Introduction: Various reports have described a gap between evidence generated through research and the adoption of research findings into individual practice. Audit and feedback has been identified as one intervention that has the potential to change health care provider performance.
Objective: To…
Oral Accuracy of case-finding instruments for depression: a meta-analysis
1994 Hamilton
Ramirez, Mulrow, Williams, Gerety, Kerber
Introduction: Although depressive disorders are common among patients of general practitioners, they are poorly recognized. Several case-finding instruments (CFIs) are available to identify patients with depression.
Objective: To evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of CFIs in general practice…
Oral An evaluation of large studies and meta-analyses of smaller studies
1994 Hamilton
Cappelleri, Lau, Schmid, Chalmers
Introduction: Several recent large randomized control trials have not supported the effectiveness of treatment found in meta-analyses of smaller trials.
Objective: To compare and evaluate the results of meta-analyses of "smaller" studies with the "largest" study or studies.…
Poster An experience of retrieving clinical trials on the drug therapy in acute ischemic stroke using the Japanese medical database
1994 Hamilton
Origasa, Ueki
Introduction: The 3rd International Symposium on Thrombolytic Therapy in Acute Ischemic Stroke was held in Japan on April 1994. Although many clinical trials have been or will be conducted on the theme, there has been no overall assessment. Japanese collaboration is really expected to achieve the…
Poster Can brief interventions reduce alcohol consumption in drinkers at risk of alcohol related harm? A meta-analysis of clinical trials
1994 Hamilton
Song, Freemantle, Sheldon, Webb
Objective: To assess the effectiveness of brief interventions to reduce alcohol consumption.
Methods: Meta-analysis of randomised control trials located through MEDLINE & PSYCHLIT searches, manually checking reference lists, and consultation with clinical experts. Setting: Primary care.…
Poster Clinical trial registries and ethics review boards: the results of a survey by the Fichtre Project
1994 Hamilton
Boissel, Haugh
Introduction: Registration of clinical trials at inception could play an important role in research, by avoiding duplication of trials and serving as a source of information on the existence of clinical trials for those wishing to perform overviews. In order to fulfill their role efficiently those…
Poster Community health interventions: are they effective?
1994 Hamilton
Smith, Gelskey, Moffatt, Kaita
Introduction: In 1972 Cochrane advocated the widespread use of RCTs in community health, but subjective opinion suggests they may yet be under-used and lack methodologic rigor.
Objective: To 1) identify all intervention studies in journals of community health and determine the number of RCTs and…
Oral Conservative management of mechanical neck disorders
1994 Hamilton
Gross, Aker, Goldsmith, Peloso
Objective: The scientific literature on the conservative management of mechanical neck disorders is profiled using meta-analytic techniques. The efficacy of manual therapies (MT), physical medicine modalities (PMM), drug therapies (DT), and education (ED) was investigated.
Methods: Data Sources:…
Poster Cost-effectiveness in health care: results of a systematic review
1994 Hamilton
Gray
Introduction: Economic evaluations frequently make use of cost-effectiveness league tables to provide a comparative context for their results. But such league tables may have been criticised as potentially biased or misleading because of their small size, lack of detail, selection criteria, and…
Oral D.I.C.E. therapy: an overview of the randomised trials
1994 Hamilton
Sandercock, Counsell, Slattery, Clarke, Counsell
Introduction: Meta-analyses are increasingly being used to assess the treatment effects. However, care is required in the interpretation of their results.
Objective: To demonstrate how purely chance effects can influence the results of meta-analyses to give results, which could have a major public…
Oral Database searching in manual medicine
1994 Hamilton
Aker
Introduction: Use of computerized literature databases is expected when background literature searching is conducted. Accessibility, time, and costs make this form of literature retrieval preferable to manual methods. In the field of manual medicine, many relevant journals are not contained in the…
Poster Development of a database of studies examining methodologies used in controlled trials and systematic reviews
1994 Hamilton
Cowan, Halpern, Kunz, Oxman, Sackett
Introduction: Many methodological criteria have been established to maximize validity of controlled trials and systematic reviews. Although these criteria are justified on theoretical considerations, many have not been examined empirically, and in a systematic manner, to evaluate whether they…
Poster Diagnostic validity of clinical tests in temporomandibular disorders: a meta-analysis
1994 Hamilton
Gross, Haines, Goldsmith, Mclntosh, Thomson
Introduction: The clinical diagnosis is considered the essential first step in patient management for temporomandibular disorders. However, the diagnostic accuracy of these tests is not clear. This meta-analysis determined the validity of clinical diagnostic tests for the diagnostic subgroup…
Poster Do benzodiazepines work? A meta-analysis ordeal
1994 Hamilton
Holbrook, Lotter, Crowther, Cheng, King
Introduction: There is considerable debate in the Literature, both scientific and lay, about the overall risk:benefit ratio of benzodiazepines, commonly used medications for insomnia and anxiety.
Objective: We evaluated the feasibility of meta-analysis of the literature on therapeutic use, harm…
Poster Economic evaluations in the intensive care literature: do they help us solve our financial problems?
1994 Hamilton
Heyland, Kernerman, Cook, Gafni
Objective: To determine the extent to which economic evaluations published in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) literature provide information that could potentially improve the efficiency of critical care medicine.
Methods: We searched computerized bibliographic databases and manually searched key…