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Oral A framework for developing and implementing clinical prediction models across multiple studies
2012 Auckland
Debray, Moons, Ahmed, Koffijberg, Riley
Background: The availability of participant-level data from multiple sources is an increasingly prevalent phenomenon in prediction research. However, the corresponding populations typically differ in important aspects, such as baseline risk. This has driven the adoption of meta-analytical…
Oral A randomised trial of training student clinicians in how to facilitate shared decision making and communicate evidence: the ignored step in evidence-based practice?
2012 Auckland
Hoffmann, Del Mar, Bennett, Claire
Background: Successful evidence-based practice requires clinicians to practice patient-centred care. Central to this is shared decision making (SDM); of which, a key skill is communicating statistical information clearly to patients. Most clinicians do this poorly, if at all. One reason is lack of…
Oral A robust statistical modelling framework for random effects meta-analysis
2012 Auckland
Beyene, Liu, Hamid
Background: In meta-analysis, heterogeneity is the norm rather than the exception. The most common modelling approach to dealing with heterogeneity is to adopt random effects models where random effects are typically assumed to have normal distributions. However, outliers often occur that may…
Oral A systematic review of grading systems for recommendations about medical tests
2012 Auckland
Gopalakrishna, Langendam, Scholten, Leeflang, Bossuyt
Background: There is growing awareness that evidence-based guideline recommendations need to take into account patien outcomes. This poses challenges for recommendations about medical tests, where such direct evidence often does not exist. Using and linking different types of indirect evidence is…
Oral ALOIS, ScreenToGo and the Cochrane Register of Studies: using mobile technology to engage and involve consumers in the work of the Cochrane Collaboration
2012 Auckland
Noel-Storr , Struthers, Huckvale, Dooley, McShane
Background: There is a strong ‘tribal’ interest in improving healthcare for dementia sufferers amongst carers and former carers. The ALOIS Community project has been successful in recruiting and training lay volunteers to code papers to help maintain the Cochrane Dementia Group’s online study…
Oral Addressing gaps in American Indian/Alaska Native cancer control and prevention
2012 Auckland
Marchionda, Seals
Background: Cancer disparities exist for American Indian and Alaska Natives (AI/ANs) with some tribes having the highest rates in the US. National efforts to improve access to healthcare may not affect AI/ANs. Current programs have limited resources for cancer prevention, screening and care. Little…
Oral Aggregating published prediction models with individual participant data: combining models with different predictors
2012 Auckland
Debray, Koffijberg, Vergouwe, Nieboer, Steyerberg, Moons
Background: Previously published predictionmodels are often ignored during the development of a novel prediction model. Consequently, numerous prediction models generalize poorly across patient populations, and might have been improved by incorporating such evidence. Unfortunately, aggregation of…
Oral An empirical assessment of bivariate methods for meta-analysis of test performance
2012 Auckland
Dahabreh, Trikalinos, Lau, Schmid
Background: Meta-analysis of diagnostic test accuracy studies must account for correlation between sensitivity and specificity. Summary receiver operating characteristic (SROC) curves and bivariate models have become methods of choice. However, different forms of these techniques exist and methods…
Oral Approaches to prioritisation: the Cochrane Airways Group experience
2012 Auckland
Welsh, Karner, Stovold, Cates
Background: We have traditionally registered review titles from individuals with a passion for their subject and sufficient skills and support to complete their review. While this has produced a breadth of topics that we are proud of, we have a duty to maximise the utility of our review portfolio…
Oral Assessing the impact of missing participant data for continuous outcomes in systematic reviews on risk of bias
2012 Auckland
Ebrahim, Mustafa, Heels-Ansdell, Sun, Akl, Walter, Guyatt
Background: No methods directly address the impact of missing participant data for continuous outcomes in systematic reviews on risk of bias.
Objectives: To develop approaches for addressing missing participant data for continuous outcomes in systematic reviews.
Methods: We conducted a…
Oral Best practices in patient and stakeholder engagement
2012 Auckland
Curtis, Slaughter-Mason, Thielke, Gordon, Pettinari, Ryan, Church, King
Background: Patient involvement in health services and clinical research is emerging as a priority in the US. Congress passed legislation in 2010 establishing an independent Patient Centered Outcomes Research Institute (PCORI). PCORI is developing guidance for involving patients in its research to…
Oral Blinding in randomised controlled trials of surgical procedures in children: who, when and how
2012 Auckland
McGee, Hua, Craig, Webster
Background: Blinding is the process by which people are kept unaware of trial intervention allocations after randomisation. It is designed to prevent performance bias and detection bias. Conducting trials in surgery and in paediatrics is acknowledged as particularly challenging. By studying how…
Oral Challenges in assessing interventions in ICT based cognitive remediation for people with schizophrenia - preparing a systematic review and meta-analysis
2012 Auckland
Välimäki, Hätönen, Arifulla, Kostiainen, Kauppi, Kostamo, Adams
Background: Cognitive impairment often occurs in people with schizophrenia resulting in problems with daily performance and functioning. There is growing literature describing that cognitive remediation therapy can produce modest improvements in cognitive functioning suggesting that systematic…
Oral Challenges in conducting priority setting exercises for Cochrane entities
2012 Auckland
Nasser, Carlo, Crowe, Welch
Background: The Cochrane Agenda and Priority setting Methods Group is a newly registered Cochrane Methods group. One of the objectives of the methods group is identifying challenges that Cochrane entities face in conducting priority setting exercises and try to find strategies to help entities to…
Oral Citation screening by medical students using paper, computer, web and mobile technologies: a pilot randomised controlled trial
2012 Auckland
Ng, Pitt, Clavisi, Turner, Thomas, Gruen, Huckvale, Elliott
Background: Information and communication technologies offer opportunities to improve the efficiency and user experience of systematic review, but require evaluation for benefits and harms prior to widespread use. Tools to support crowd sourcing of review tasks could significantly improve…
Oral Cochrane Canada webinars: building capacity around systematic reviews
2012 Auckland
Ueffing, Vilis, Stevens, Cuervo
Background: The Canadian Cochrane Centre is strengthening health research systems through capacity building using virtual training tools, in partnership with the Pan American Health Organization, Regional Office of the World Health Organization (PAHO/WHO).
Objectives: • To promote the use of…
Oral Cochrane review citation and access rates: discrepancies and implications for understanding how Cochrane reviews are used
2012 Auckland
Middleton, Shute
Background: It is important to measure and understand the various ways in which Cochrane reviews (CRs) are used. Citation rates are commonly used but only capture some aspects of usage.
Objectives: To compare different citation systems and patterns and CR summary accesses in order to gain a…
Oral Comparing different ways of presenting evidence and recommendations in guidelines using the randomized link method
2012 Auckland
Kunnamo, Alenius
Background: The DECIDE project aims at improving the dissemination of evidence-based recommendations by building on the work of the GRADE Working Group to develop and evaluate methods that address the targeted dissemination of guidelines.
Objectives: To show the feasibility of the randomized…
Oral Comparison of primary and secondary outcomes specified in registry entries with journal publications
2012 Auckland
Hooft, Molenaar, Scholten
Background: Publication and selective outcome reporting bias are recognized concerns in the medical literature. Prospective registration of trials may provide transparency in clinical trial conduct and completeness of reporting of the studied outcomes.
Objectives: To determine the completeness…
Oral Data completeness and quality: the results of the Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry 2011 data audits
2012 Auckland
Tai, Ooi, Hunter, Ko, Askie
Background: The Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ANZCTR) is an on-line register of >6500 clinical trials undertaken in Australia, New Zealand, and elsewhere. As a World Health Organization International Clinical Trials Registry Platform (WHO ICTRP) Primary Registry, it is…