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Displaying 81 - 100 of 185 records Index
Oral Impact of randomised controlled trials reporting modified intention to treat on meta-analysis: preliminary results
2009 Singapore
Abraha, Duca, Montedori
Background: The intention to treat principle (ITT) should be the main approach for analysis of randomised controlled trials (RCTs). However, trials reporting the modified intention to treat (mITT) are increasingly appearing in the medical literature and their impact on systematic reviews and meta-…
Oral Important gaps in the evidence: patients and clinicians working together to identify and prioritize important research questions in urinary incontinence
2009 Singapore
Buckley, Grant, Firkins, Tincello, Wagg
Background: Research often neglects important gaps in existing evidence. Throughout health care, clinicians and patients face avoidable ‘clinical uncertainties’ daily, making decisions about treatments without reliable evidence about their effectiveness. Objectives: This partnership of UK patients…
Poster Improving placebo design of randomized placebo-controlled trials of traditional Chinese herbal medicine
2009 Singapore
Bian
Background: Bias is easily generated if the design is not proper. Placebo design is a key factor to determine whether the trial result will bear bias. Objectives: To review placebo-controlled trials of traditional Chinese herbal medicine (TCHM) to find out the current situation of placebo design in…
Oral In what ways can synthesising qualitative research be systematic?
2009 Singapore
Thomas, Harden
Background: There is a growing recognition of the value of synthesising qualitative research in the evidence base in order to facilitate effective and appropriate health care, and methods for undertaking such syntheses are developing quickly. However, proponents of many of these methods set their…
Poster Including evidence about the impact of tests on patient management in systematic reviews of diagnostic test accuracy
2009 Singapore
P Staub, J Lord, Houssami
Background: Systematic reviews (SRs) provide more precise estimates of test sensitivity and specificity than single studies. Their interpretation requires consideration of the impact of test results on patient management and consequences for patient outcomes. Objectives: To describe concepts for the…
Oral Including process evaluations in systematic reviews: reflections from a review of sexual health promotion
2009 Singapore
Harden, Barnett-Page, Shepherd, Kavanagh, Picot
Background: There is much interest in including process evaluations in systematic reviews, especially reviews of complex interventions. The methodology for including process data within reviews is still emerging and there are few worked examples. Objectives: To reflect on the methods used and the…
Poster Incorporating multiple interventions in metaanalysis: mixed treatment comparisons or adjusted indirect comparisons
2009 Singapore
O’Regan, Mills, Guyatt
Background: Comparing the effectiveness of interventions is now a requirement for regulatory approval in several countries. It also aids in clinical and public health decision-making. Certain agencies are now mandating a particular approach over others. However, in the absence of head-to-head…
Poster Indirect comparisons of competing interventions: a systematic review identified possible methods and current practice
2009 Singapore
Li, Wang, Kang, Liu, Li
Background: Indirect comparison (IC) is often used in meta-analysis to evaluate the relative effects of competing interventions due to lack of head-to-head randomized controlled trials and to synthesize complex evidence. Such an indirect approach is more susceptible to bias especially selection…
Poster Individual patient data meta-analyses: experience of the Cochrane Hematological Malignancies Group (CHMG)
2009 Singapore
Brillant, Bohlius, Franklin, Haverkamp, Weingart, Engert
Background: The CHMG has conducted four meta-analyses using individual patient data (IPD) in recent years. Methods: After defining the planned analyses in a protocol, randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were systematically searched. Once eligible RCTs were identified, authors were asked to provide…
Poster Individual patient data meta-analysis of high-frequency oscillatory ventilation trials in preterm infants: addressing questions left unanswered by aggregate data meta-analysis
2009 Singapore
Cools, Askie, Offringa
Background: The interpretation of aggregate data meta-analysis of trials comparing high-frequency oscillatory ventilation (HFOV) with conventional ventilation (CV) in preterm infants with respiratory distress syndrome has been confounded by heterogeneity in study design and outcomes. Also, it does…
Oral Industry clinical trial registries as a data source for systematic reviews
2009 Singapore
Kaiser, Florina Kerekes, Wieseler
Background: Clinical trial registries operated by the pharmaceutical industry (PI) represent a potential data source for systematic reviews (SRs), as they often contain study results. SRs of drugs may therefore require a registry search to ensure an unbiased analysis. Objectives: a) To assess…
Poster Information systems for conducting systematic reviews: a case study
2009 Singapore
Ming Lai, Lieng Teng, Nalliah
Background: Numerous tools have been developed to evaluate competence in EBM. Two widely used scales are the Fresno test and Berlin questionnaire. Both scales were validated and purport to assess a comprehensive range of EBM knowledge. Fresno test consists of mainly short-answer questions and…
Poster Information systems for conducting systematic reviews: a case study
2009 Singapore
Thomas
Background: Systematic reviews entail the identification, storage, classification and analysis of electronic data. Current advances present new demands: the management of large quantities of data; allowing timely access by many reviewers working in different sites; and accommodating diverse study…
Poster Integrating collaborative eLearning with Cochrane face-to-face training
2009 Singapore
Stevens, Pardo Pardo, Ambriz, Cumpston, McDonald
Background: Early in 2009, constituents through the Pan American Health Organization/World Health Organization US-Mexico Border Office requested training to conduct their own Cochrane reviews. Different tools and technologies were used throughout the process for workshop preparation, delivery and…
Oral Integrating quantitative and qualitative evidence in Cochrane reviews: a novel methodological approach
2009 Singapore
C Berg, Ann Leiknes, Smedslund, Nygaard Øverland, Thune Hammerstrøm, Høie
Background: There is little guidance on how to select the best approach to broad review questions. Challenged with a broad question about the effectiveness and harms of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), both from the clinical and the patient perspective, our review team drew on published examples…
Poster Integrating quantitative and qualitative evidence in systematic reviews: a mixed-methods approach
2009 Singapore
C Berg, Marie-Louise Denison, Fretheim, Lewin
Background: Few worked examples of mixed-methods approaches to systematic reviews exist, and little guidance is available. However, the commission for a systematic review on the facilitators of and the barriers to the continuation of Female Genital Mutilation (FGM) mandated inclusion of qualitative…
Poster International activity within Cochrane Review Groups
2009 Singapore
Allen, Clarke, Wyatt
Background: Since 2000, a periodic count was done of members of Cochrane Review Groups (CRGs), subdivided by country of residence, using information in The Cochrane Library. Contact details are increasingly stored in ‘Archie’ (The Cochrane Collaboration’s Contact Database), so we used this for the…
Oral International standards for Public Reporting of Clinical Trial Outcomes and Results (PROCTOR): a proposal to increase the quality of evidence produced by systematic reviews
2009 Singapore
Krleza-Jeric, Djubegovic, Nasser, Reveiz, Huic, Lemmens, Sim, Armstrong, Metz, Elemam, Wager
Background: Public disclosure of clinical trial results should facilitate the critical appraisal of trials and thus increase the quality of systematic reviews. Namely, as important as trial registration is, it cannot remove publication bias unless it is complemented by results reporting. It is…
Oral Interpreting Cochrane systematic reviews: can we do without authors’ conclusions?
2009 Singapore
Ming Lai, Lieng Teng, Wooi Cheah, Lee Lee
Background: Independent evaluation of clinical evidence is advocated in evidence-based practice. However, readers often rely on authors’ conclusions for quick summary messages. Cochrane systematic reviews (CSRs) are widely considered a reliable source of clinical information. Objectives: To assess…
Poster Interventions to improve question formulation in professional practice and self-directed learning
2009 Singapore
Horsley, O’Neill, Campbell
Background: With the proliferation of biomedical information and technologies in the 21st century, both the knowledge and skills acquired through formal education are insufficient to sustain competence over a career. Thus, healthcare workers are expected to remain current in practice through…