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Displaying 3061 - 3080 of 10381 records Index
Poster Real-world effectiveness of long-acting injections for reducing recurrent hospitalizations in patients with schizophrenia
2019 Santiago
Yun, Baek, Kim, Seo, Lee
Background: the comparative effectiveness of antipsychotic long-acting injections (LAIs) and oral medication is not clear due to various methodological problems.
Objectives: to compare the effectiveness of LAIs and oral antipsychotics for preventing readmission in patients with schizophrenia…
Oral Redundant trials: do researchers register clinical trials for outcomes that have a 'high' GRADE evidence rating?
2019 Santiago
Vergara Merino, Verdejo, Pérez , Sánchez, Klabunde , Franco , Escobar Liquitay, Madrid
Background: the GRADE rating system presented in the 'Summary of findings' (SoF) table in Cochrane Systematic Reviews (SR) serves to measure the quality of evidence in an SR. When a primary outcome in an SoF table is rated 'high', this indicates that there is confidence that the…
Oral Reliability and applicability of the revised Cochrane 'Risk of bias' tool for randomized trials (RoB 2)
2019 Santiago
Minozzi, Cinquini, Gianola, Gonzalez-Lorenzo, Banzi
Background: the revised Cochrane 'Risk of bias' tool for randomized trials (RoB 2) has been proposed to assess the risk of bias in randomized controlled trials (RCTs) included in systematic reviews. RoB 2 is structured into a fixed set of five domains of bias and a series of signalling…
Poster Reporting of Cochrane Systematic Review protocols with network meta-analyses – a scoping review
2019 Santiago
Wang, Seidler, van Wely, Askie, Mol
Background: network meta-analyses have increased in popularity in systematic reviews as they compare multiple treatments for the same clinical condition. Publishing systematic review protocols is a fundamental part of Cochrane Systematic Reviews to ensure transparency and reproducibility. As…
Oral Reporting of harms in clinical trials: overview of the adherence to CONSORT (Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials) Harms 2004
2019 Santiago
Junqueira, Zorzela, Golder, Loke, Moher, Ioannidis, Vohra
Background: the Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT) Statement is a guideline to improve the quality of the reporting of randomized controlled trials (RCTs). It was developed in 1996 and was most recently revised in 2010. Specific guidance for the reporting of harms in RCTs can be…
Poster Reporting quality and its influencing factors in randomized controlled trials of traditional Chinese medicine for cancer
2019 Santiago
Han, Li, Zhang, Lu, Fei, Zhou, Zhang, Yang, Feng, Long, Deng, Li, Cao, Mao, Zhu, Hong, Huang, Qiu, Liu, Wang, Yan, Guan, Dong, Luo, Chen, Liu
Background: randomized controlled trials (RCT) have been increasingly used to assess the efficacy of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) interventions, yet the quality of these trials is generally low, which might hamper the implementation and synthesis of the trial results.
Objectives: to…
Poster Reporting quality of continuous quality-improvement studies in the nursing field published in China
2019 Santiago
Yang, Gao, Cai, Sun, Wang, Shang, Tian
Background: the improvement of nursing quality is an important guarantee and a critical step of nursing work. Hence, the quality-improvement study has received broad attention. However, due to the differences in research design and intervention strategies, large deviations exist in reporting of…
Oral Responsible research: trends over time in randomized clinical trials
2019 Santiago
Heus, Damen, Lamberink, Otte, Tijdink, Vinkers, Hooft
Background: randomized clinical trials (RCTs) play an important role in evidence-based medicine. Flaws in their design, conduct, publication and reporting may lead to erroneous conclusions with potentially serious consequences for patients. Responsible research practices are therefore essential to…
Oral Results from an exemplar realist review of advocacy interventions for abused women
2019 Santiago
Rivas, Yeo, Cameron, Vigurs
Background: effectiveness reviews of complex interventions may not provide conclusive answers. Evidence syntheses are complicated by heterogeneity in interventions, outcomes and who receives the interventions, under what circumstances. As an example, an existing Cochrane effectiveness review shows…
Oral Risk of bias and conflict of interest in clinical trials of infant formula
2019 Santiago
Helfer, Dewji, Kunc, Jobson, Kroeger, Dai, Garcia-Larsen, Leonardi-Bee, Bero, Boyle
Background: infant formula is consumed by a vulnerable population and may have a substantial long-term impact on health. A strong scientific evidence-base is essential in this field, so that parents, carers and health services can make informed feeding choices. However, risk of bias and conflict of…
Poster Risk of bias of studies published as systematic reviews on nutritional interventions in cancer prevention – a systematic survey
2019 Santiago
Bala, Storman, Koperny, Zając, Tobola, Swierz, Staskiewicz, Gorecka, Skuza, Johnston
Background: studies published as systematic reviews/meta-analyses (SR/MAs) on nutrition in cancer prevention may face problems similar to those documented in other fields, that is, poor overall quality, but no study has systematically examined this.
Aims: the overall aim of this research is to…
Oral Roles of contributors, panel composition, and policies for authorship in practice guideline development: a survey of guidance documents
2019 Santiago
Khabsa, Khamis, Yaacoub, Akl
Background: one of the main steps in guideline development is establishing the guideline development groups, determining their roles, and crediting authorship according to preset policies.
Objective: to survey published guidance on guideline development for roles of contributors involved, panel…
Workshop Running Cochrane priority setting processes: practical guidance
2019 Santiago
Head, Foxlee, De Haan, Kellie, Akl, El-Harakeh, King, Motu’apuaka
Background: ensuring that the Cochrane Reviews we produce are relevant worldwide is a key part of Goal 1 in Cochrane’s Strategy to 2020. To identify the reviews that will have the greatest impact on health care, we must identify the topics and questions that matter most to our target audiences (…
Oral SPIRIT (Standard Protocol Items: Recommendations for Interventional Trials)/CONSORT (Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials )-Outcomes: enhanced trial outcome transparency, less bias, improved systematic reviews, better health
2019 Santiago
Butcher, Monsour, Mew, Askie, Grimshaw, Moher, Chan, Gavin, Smith, Offringa
Background: randomized controlled trials (RCTs), when appropriately designed, conducted, and reported, are the gold standard evidence synthesized in systematic reviews of treatment efficacy and effectiveness. To be able to critically evaluate and use the results of RCTs included in systematic…
Workshop Same quality, less time? Search methods for rapid reviews
2019 Santiago
Klerings, Mann, Stansfield, Stevens, Coles, Skidmore
Background: rapid reviews have become a pragmatic alternative to systematic reviews (SRs). They are accelerated knowledge syntheses that provide results in a shorter timeframe (within a few days to a few months) through streamlining certain methodological aspects of SRs, including the literature…
Poster Sarcopenia and chronic renal disease: a scoping review
2019 Santiago
Borges, Lima, Carvalho, Ribeiro, Lima, Gottems, Mizusaki Imoto
Background: in chronic kidney disease (CKD), nutritional disorders are frequent and have a direct influence on patients' quality of life. Sarcopenia is characterized by loss of muscle mass, and is associated with loss of muscle strength, or performance, or both. Among geriatric syndromes,…
Poster Scientific development and knowledge diffusion through academic leagues: the experience from vascular and endovascular surgery's academic league of UNIFESP, Brazil
2019 Santiago
Attie, Soares, Avancini, Silva, Pessutti, Estrutti, Trincado, Vasconcelos, Amorim, Flumignan, Nakano, Guedes
Background: current medicine is evidence-based, and such evidence needs to be put into practice from the moment of teaching. One of these ways is via academic leagues, where undergraduate students with interests in common, engage in extracurricular activities that include patient care, clinical…
Poster Scoping review of active surveillance practices for vaccine safety: the importance of identification of diverse evidence in an iterative process
2019 Santiago
Cai, Liu, Yao, Liu, Yang, Meng, Zhan
Background: active surveillance for vaccine safety (ASVS) is emerging worldwide to make up the defects of traditional passive surveillance. ASVS has been performed in routine surveillance systems, dedicated projects or specific studies through diverse practices. Scoping reviews are appropriate for…
Oral Scoping reviews to inform stakeholders and policy makers: an initiative on how to prevent visits to the Emergency Department (ED) among patients with cancer
2019 Santiago
Junqueira, Kirkland, Clua, Campbell, Rowe
Background: frequent visits to the emergency department (ED) is a challenge in the management of patients with active cancer undergoing treatment. These visits are related to cancer complications and treatment-induced adverse effects, are an indicator of poor-quality cancer care. These…
Workshop Screen4Me: using machine learning and citizen science for study identification in Cochrane Reviews
2019 Santiago
Noel-Storr, Dooley, Thomas
Background: machine learning and citizen science initiatives within Cochrane are transforming Cochrane’s centralised efforts to identify reports of trials. The RCT Classifier, a machine learning routine, and Cochrane Crowd are highly accurate and efficient at distinguishing between records that are…