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Workshop A practical introduction individual participant data meta-analysis
2019 Santiago
Nevitt, Rydzewska
Background: systematic reviews of individual participant data (IPD), where individual-level data from all studies addressing a particular question are collected, checked and analysed, are widely regarded as the ‘gold standard’ approach to evidence-synthesis. The number of published Cochrane and non…
Poster A qualitative and visual assessment approach of evidence - exemplified by Xiao Chai Hu Tang formula for chronic hepatitis B
2019 Santiago
Kong, Liang, Yang, Zhang, Liu, Liang, Li, Liu, Wang, Jakobsen, Gluud, Liu
Background: evidence should have minimized threats to the internal and external validity in order to guide clinical practice. Both internal and external validity can be influenced by the risk of three dimensional errors (i.e. systematic errors, random errors, and design errors). However, we lack a…
Oral A review of Cochrane methodology reviews: informing nomenclature, typology and reporting guidelines
2019 Santiago
Lawson, Colunga Lozano, Zeraatkar, Guyatt, Thabane, Mbuagbaw
Background: methodological reviews (MRs) are a unique form of evidence synthesis. They allow researchers to appraise and synthesize methodological information from primary or secondary studies. Since there are currently no guidelines to inform the conduct and reporting of MRs, these studies use…
Oral A scoping review of prospective meta-analyses in health research
2019 Santiago
Cheyne, Seidler, Hunter, Ghersi, Berlin, Askie
Background: prospective meta-analyses (PMA) may reduce many of the issues that can occur in traditional (retrospective) meta-analyses. They can reduce biases in publication and selective reporting. Yet, to date there is no clear understanding of the definition of PMA or how to report a PMA. A…
Oral A single versus multiple cut-off values in meta-analysis of diagnostic accuracy studies
2019 Santiago
Lee, Vali, Zafarmand, Bossuyt
Background: diagnostic accuracy studies frequently report multiple cut-off values, which poses a challenge for systematic review authors. The Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions currently recommends estimating summary measures for a single common cut-off value. With this…
Poster Acceptance of systematic reviews as master/PhD thesis in Brazilian graduate programs in dentistry
2019 Santiago
Agostini, Dotto, Lemes, Spazzin, Pereira, Bacchi, Sarkis-Onofre
Background: systematic reviews (SRs) are considered to be the highest-quality evidence available, and important tools in healthcare decision making, and have been gaining in popularity over the last few years. They are considered to be secondary research because they collect and analyze data from…
Poster Accessibility and diversity of Cochrane Systematic Reviews
2019 Santiago
Vieira, da Rocha, Pinto, Batista, Milby, de Albuquerque, Saconato, Trevisani, Atallah
Background: it is estimated that there are around 6000 languages in the world. In science, the main form of propagation of knowledge occurs through the English language. However, 75% of the world population does not have the expertise to speak, write or read English, which may delay the spread of…
Poster Accessible Cochrane nutrition evidence: ‘packaging and push’ and ‘facilitating pull’ in action
2019 Santiago
Nguyen, Visser, Fisher, Schoonees, Naude, Durao
Background: the Cochrane Nutrition Field aims to support and enable evidence-informed decision-making for nutrition policy and practice by advancing the preparation and use of high quality, relevant nutrition reviews. Our knowledge translation (KT) activities strive to support getting the right…
Oral Accessing the National Collaborating Centre for Methods and Tools' (NCCMT) capacity-building resources remotely: supporting the development of evidence-informed practice skills in low resource settings
2019 Santiago
Howarth, Read, Dobbins
Background: access to the internet varies widely across the world. In response to user feedback highlighting limited internet connectivity as a barrier to accessing the National Collaborating Centre for Methods and Tools’ (NCCMT) online education and training resources, the NCCMT worked to adapt…
Poster Accounting for comorbidity of patients in systematic reviews - a rehabilitation perspective
2019 Santiago
Meyer, Wulff
Background: systematic reviews have a major role for evidence-based care and form the basis of clinical guidelines. In rehabilitation, typical patients have co- or even multimorbidities, present in different patterns.
Objectives: the primary aim of this paper is to raise different conceptual…
Oral Accuracy of study selection in systematic reviews
2019 Santiago
Wang, O'Blenis, Tetzlaff, Murad
Background: automated approaches to improve the efficiency of systematic reviews are greatly needed. When testing any of these approaches, the criterion standard of comparison (gold standard) is usually human review authors. Yet human review authors make errors in inclusion and exclusion of…
Poster Accuracy of vascular ultrasound compared to angiotomography for extracranial carotid stenosis imaging
2019 Santiago
Takihi, Kanas, Daolio, Azevedo, Cardin, Cassola, Flumignan, Marcondes, Ávila, Vasconcelos, Guedes, Prestes, Nakano, Guedes, Amorim, Baptista-Silva, Flumignan
Background: vascular ultrasound (VU) is a non-invasive test for extracranial carotid stenosis (ECS) imaging with better risk-cost benefit when compared to magnetic resonance angiography (MRA), computed tomography angiography (CTA) and digital subtraction angiography (DSA). However, VU accuracy is…
Oral Achieving evidence interoperability in the computer age: setting evidence on Fast Healthcare Interoperability Resources (FHIR)
2019 Santiago
Alper, Munn, Mayer, Tristan, Salas, Iorio, Schilling
Background: efforts to support and implement evidence-based practice are limited substantially because research findings, appraisals and summarizations are not searchable and re-usable without labour-intensive manual screening and repeated data entry. Interoperability can be achieved by…
Poster Active placebo versus standard placebo control interventions in pharmacological randomised trials: a systematic review
2019 Santiago
Laursen, Paludan-Müller, Hróbjartsson
Background: placebos are used as control interventions in randomized trials to enable blinding of participants and personnel. This can help reduce the risk of bias due to, for example, observer bias, reporting bias and bias related to placebo effects. Standard placebos in pharmacological trials…
Poster Acupuncture for depression: a systematic review and network meta-analysis
2019 Santiago
Xia, Liu, Barth, Wang, Yang, Hu, Wang, Tian, Huang, Liang, Sun, Lai, Yan, Zhao, Song, Fei
Background: depression is a highly prevalent mental disorder, and is the leading cause of years lived with disability counts for nearly three decades. Acupuncture is widely used in China and some other part of the world to help patients with depression.
Objectives: to evaluate effects and safety…
Poster Acupuncture in major depressive disorder: a scoping review of clinical practice guidelines
2019 Santiago
Fernandez-Chinguel, Goicochea-Lugo, Villarreal-Zegarra, Zafra-Tanaka, Taype-Rondan
Background: non-pharmacological approaches to treat depression include complementary and alternative medicine such as acupuncture. However, clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) tend to give inconsistent recommendations in this regard.
Objective: the aim of this study was to describe the…
Oral Adaptation of the European Guidelines on Breast Cancer Screening to the Tunisian setting using the GRADE-ADOLOPMENT approach
2019 Santiago
Kahale, Ouertatani, Ben Brahem, Ben Hamouda, Sar Parkinsion, Akl
Background: guidelines are the cornerstone of high-quality evidence-based practice. Guidelines could be
1) developed from scratch, (i.e. de novo);
2) adopted from one setting to another as is; or
3) adapted from one setting to another taking into consideration contextual factors.
The…
Oral Agreement in the assessment of systematic reviews with the AMSTAR 2 tool: novice versus expert methodologists
2019 Santiago
Martinez-Zapata, Niño de Guzman, Canelo, Vasquez-Mejia , Merchan-Galvis , Madera-Anaya , Viteri-Garcia , Muñoz, Zaror
Background: one of the tools to assess the quality of conducting systematic reviews is the AMSTAR2 (A MeaSurement Tool to Assess systematic Reviews). We studied the agreement of AMSTAR2 between novice and expert methodologists assessing the quality of systematic reviews (SRs) addressing the…
Oral An alternative method for presenting assessments of risk of bias in systematic reviews of diagnostic test accuracy studies
2019 Santiago
Vali, Lee, Zafarmand , Bossuyt
Background: systematic reviews include primary studies that differ in sample sizes, with larger studies contributing more to the meta-analysis. At present, study size is not considered in 'Risk of bias' evaluations.
Objectives: to develop an alternative way to present the contribution…
Oral An efficient approach to identify eligible studies for 102 PICO (population, intervention, control, outcome) questions
2019 Santiago
Yaacoub, Khamis, Kahale, Durán, Rodríguez, Turner, Rada, Akl
Background: developing trustworthy practice guidelines requires the use of systematic approaches to identify relevant evidence. Some guideline projects address a large number of PICO (population, intervention, comparison, outcome) questions. This requires the use of efficient approaches for…