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Displaying 1 - 20 of 103 records Index
Oral 1948 and all that. How far back should we look for RCTs and CCTs?
1996 Adelaide
Clarke
Introduction: The MRC Streptomycin trial which was published in the British Medical Journal in 1948 has gained a reputation as the first randomised controlled trial. However, although it was a well conducted and described study, it was not the earliest to use a random or quasi-random process to…
Poster 40 Years of randomised trials in the New Zealand Medical Journal
1996 Adelaide
Neal, Rodgers, Mackie, MacMahon
Introduction: It is well recognised that a register of randomised trials would be incomplete if it relied solely on trials identified by current electronic searching methods.
Objective: To identify all randomised trials published in the New Zealand Medical Journal, to document the basic…
Oral A common descriptive dataset for shared evaluation (systematic review) of interventions to implement clinical practice guidelines
1996 Adelaide
Boerlum Kristensen, Changing
Introduction: Research issues raised by clinical practice guideline implementation cut across national and cultural differences. Coordination of several intervention experiments and systematic review of their results call for a common theoretical framework and descriptive dataset.
Objective: To…
Oral A comparison of effect estimates from meta-analysis of published data and effect estimates from pooled patient data
1996 Adelaide
Steinberg, Smith, Stroup
Introduction: Because of diminishing resources for new studies that could take years to complete, and the large number of interventions and treatments that need to be evaluated, quantitative methods for combining data will be needed to fully utilize results from existing observational studies.…
Poster A domain independent structured trial register
1996 Adelaide
Strang, Boissel
Introduction: The Cochrane collaborative review groups (CRG's) build local specialised registers. The Cochrane collaboration also maintains a global bibliographic register that feeds into Medline. Since the early 80's clinical trialists have lobbied for prospective clinical trial…
Oral A systematic overview of school-based adolescent suicide prevention programs
1996 Adelaide
Ploeg, Ciliska, Dobbins, Hayward, Thomas, Underwood
Introduction: The best available evidence for many community health interventions, such as adolescent suicide prevention programs, is seldom based on randomized trials. Alternative overview methods are required to summarize the literature and make recommendations for practice.
Objective: To…
Poster A systematic review and meta-analysis of psychological and pharmacological treatments for depression
1996 Adelaide
Churchill, Wessely, Lewis
Introduction: Depression affects about 20-30% of the population in the UK. About 90% of cases are managed in primary care using both physical and psychological treatments. Although the first line treatment for depression is still primarily the prescription of tricyclic antidepressants,…
Oral A systematic review of interventions for shoulder pain
1996 Adelaide
Buchbinder, Glazier, Green
Introduction: Shoulder pain is a common condition with significant morbidity. Many forms of therapy have been advocated, but evidence of their efficacy is not well documented.
Objective: To perform a series of seven separate reviews of randomised controlled trials for shoulder pain, assessing…
Oral A systematic review of randomised trials on the efficacy of interventions for shoulder pain
1996 Adelaide
van der Windt, van der Heijden, de Winter, Koes, Bouter, Knipschild
Introduction: Patients with shoulder disorders are treated with a variety of interventions, including physiotherapy, steroid injections and NSAIDs. However, the controversy on the efficacy of these interventions persists.
Objective: To systematically evaluate the efficacy of common interventions…
Poster A systematic review of the cost-effectiveness of colorectal cancer screening
1996 Adelaide
Moss, Weller, Shipp
Introduction: Colorectal cancer is a major public health problem in Australia, being second only to lung cancer as a cause of death. For most of this century there has been a consistently upward trend in age-standardized mortality rates for colorectal cancer in Australian men and women. Mass…
Oral A systematic review of the efficacy of common interventions for acute low back pain
1996 Adelaide
van Tulder, Koes, Bouter
Introduction: There are many treatment options for acute low back pain, but little is known about the optimal treatment strategy.
Objective: To systematically evaluate the efficacy of the most common therapeutic interventions for acute low back pain.
Methods: A systematic computerized literature…
Oral A systematic review of the efficacy of common interventions for chronic low back pain
1996 Adelaide
van Tulder, Koes, Bouter
Introduction: A large variety of therapeutic interventions is available for the treatment of chronic low back pain, but the efficacy of most of these interventions has not yet been proved beyond doubt.
Objective: To systematically evaluate the efficacy of the most common therapeutic interventions…
Poster A trend analysis and search strategies for the identification of meta-analyses in MEDLINE
1996 Adelaide
Wolf, Lefebvre, McGaghie
Objective: TO estimate
1) the growth of meta-analysis as an analytic tool for reviewing health care research findings
2) the unique and combined contributions of key word and free-text retrieval to identify a sensitive strategy for retrieving meta-analyses in the medical literature.
Methods: Meta…
Poster Adding value to hand searching
1996 Adelaide
Lodge, Gill
Introduction: Electronic databases provide unreliable access to identifying randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Hand searching journals remains a costly necessity. We can add to the value of hand searching by conducting epidemiological studies of the trials we find. We report a study, assessing…
Oral An efficient search strategy identifying primary papers on diagnostic test evaluations
1996 Adelaide
Deville, Bezemer, Bouter
Introduction: Different search strategies for diagnosis are suggested during the past years. The predictive value of these strategies for the identification of publications about diagnostic test evaluations remains however quite low.
Methods: An efficient search strategy - subject independent -…
Oral Antenatal corticosteroids to prevent adverse perinatal outcomes in the presence of preterm prelabour rupture of the membranes (pPROM). Meta-analyses including unpublished data
1996 Adelaide
Ohlsson, Lacy
Introduction: Systematic reviews of the effect of antenatal corticosteroids on perinatal outcomes in the presence of pPROM have indicated a need for more precise estimates of the effect size.
Objective: By obtaining additional data from published studies of this intervention in pPROM populations,…
Oral Assessing the efficacy of anti-depressant treatment: methodological considerations for meta-analysis
1996 Adelaide
Cialdella, Haugh, Boissel, Bech, Birkett
Introduction: The 'gold-standard' for analysing clinical trial data individually and in reviews is the intention-to-treat approach whereby patients are analysed in the group to which they were allocated, irrespective of the treatment they actually received. It can be argued that although…
Oral Australian Aboriginal children:- the randomised controlled trial and special populations
1996 Adelaide
Morris, Leach, Baker, Mathews
Introduction: Improving the health of Aboriginal children is regarded as a national priority. The identification of effective medical therapies will assist with improving health outcomes, and could allow Aboriginal people to have greater control over the process.
Objective: To identify and assess…
Poster Calcium antagonists in patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH): a meta-analysis
1996 Adelaide
Feigin, Rinkel, Algra, Vermeulen, van Gijn
Introduction: It has been reported that calcium antagonist drugs reduce the frequency of delayed cerebral ischaemia (DCI) and improve outcome after aneurysmal SAH, but definitive evidence is lacking.
Objective: To determine whether calcium antagonists improve outcome and reduce the incidence of…
Poster Can systematic reviewing be adapted for hypothesis testing in medicine and biology?
1996 Adelaide
Miller
Introduction: Reviewing procedures inspired by Cochrane improve evaluation of treatment procedures by accessing all relevant RCTs, specifying search procedures and data used, with subjective judgements minimized by crosschecking between reviewers. The weaknesses of conventional approaches to…