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Displaying 6941 - 6960 of 10301 records Index

Oral Practice-driving evidence: how frequently does it change?

2012 Auckland
Alper, Ehrlich
Background: Maintaining currency of Cochrane reviews is challenging, and it is unclear how often a review should be updated. Identifying the frequency of changes that would directly inform clinical decision-making could be helpful to determine frequency of updating reviews. DynaMed is a clinical…

Poster Promoting evidence-based healthcare in South Asia and other low and middle income countries: an attempt to formulate a reliable framework

2012 Auckland
Joseph, Easow Mathew, Cherian, Thomas George, Kirubakaran
Background: South Asia, incredibly diverse in terms of language, religion, tradition, cultural practice, and various other aspects, is a unique part of the world. Home to over 15% of the world’s population, and nearly 35% of Asia’s population, it is the second poorest region in the world. How can…

Poster Quality appraisal of clinical practice guidelines and consensus statements on nursing in China

2012 Auckland
Zhang, Tian, Shi, Yu, Yang
Background: To improve care for patients in hospital, an evidence based nursing guidelines were developed. Using the nursing guidelines have already shown positive effects. To determine the quality of guidelines the Appraisal of Guidelines and Research and Evaluation (AGREE) instrument was…

Poster Quality assessment tools for published animal studies

2012 Auckland
Krauth, Woodruff, Bero
Background: Minimizing risk of bias in animal research is essential for preserving scientific integrity and ensuring that clinical trials in humans are based on valid evidence. Numerous guidelines have been developed to improve the design and execution of preclinical drug and animal toxicology…

Poster Quality of clinical heterogeneity investigations in systematic reviews: an assessment of Cochrane and non-Cochrane reviews

2012 Auckland
Gagnier, Morgenstern, Moher
Background: Systematic reviews frequently have heterogeneity between the included studies. In particular, clinical characteristics (e.g., patient and treatment characteristic) frequently differ between the included trials. Recently a set of consensus-based recommendations for investigating clinical…

Oral Quality of evidence for bias from attributes of study design

2012 Auckland
Jacobs, Sandhu, Kruyt, Moojen, Oner
Background: Several meta-epidemiological studies have been published that examine the relationship between attributes of study design and bias. The findings from these studies show some variation, but generally favor common assumptions of smaller effect sizes for rigorous design. Objectives:…

Poster Quality of evidence: are Cochrane review authors speaking the same language?

2012 Auckland
Okwundu, Rohwer, Zani
Background: Cochrane systematic reviews have a wide international audience and aim to facilitate healthcare decision-making by various stakeholders. Therefore, terminology used to describe the quality of evidence from Cochrane reviews should be consistent and understandable. Numerous approaches for…

Poster Randomised controlled trials of surgical procedures in children: a cross-sectional study

2012 Auckland
McGee, Hua, Craig, Webster
Background: Randomised controlled trials represent the best form of evidence when assessing the efficacy of an intervention. Those conducting trials of surgical procedures in children face distinct challenges compared to other surgical and non-surgical specialties. Objectives: Weaimed to assess…

Oral Recent clinical practice guidelines on hypertension management do not refer to relevant Cochrane reviews

2012 Auckland
Bawazeer, Adi
Background: Despite the availability of clinical practice guidelines (CPGs), optimal control is not achieved in many parts of the world. In 2011, the Institute of Medicine emphasized on the need for recommendations to be informed by systematic reviews. It is unclear whether recent CPGs on the…

Poster Reclassifying reviews on the basis of recommendation and results: steps towards a user friendly interface

2012 Auckland
Kirubakaran, Easow Mathew, Cherian, George, Joseph, Tharyan
Background: Currently, The Cochrane library interface allows searching reviews based on disease and intervention. This proposal emphasises the need and method for reclassifying reviews of Cochrane library from the perspective of users specifically: • Decision makers who would like to see what…

Poster Reliability and validity of the Newcastle Ottawa Scale

2012 Auckland
Hartling, Hamm, Milne, Vandermeer, Ansari, Tsertsvadze, Dryden
Background: The Newcastle Ottawa Scale (NOS) is used to assess methodological quality of cohort and case-control studies in systematic reviews. There has been limited research examining inter-rater reliability and validity of the tool. Objectives: (1) assess the reliability of the NOS between…

Oral Reliability of risk of bias assessments between pairs of reviewers from different centers and reasons for disagreement

2012 Auckland
Hartling, Hamm, Milne, Vandermeer, Santaguida, Ansari, Tsertsvadze, Hempel, Shekelle, Dryden
Background: The Cochrane Risk of Bias (RoB) tool was released in 2008 and is used in systematic reviews to assess the risk of bias of randomized trials (RCTs). A number of studies examining inter-rater reliability of the tool have called for more detailed guidance. Objectives: (1) assess the…

Poster Reporting and methodological quality of systematic reviews in the orthopaedic literature

2012 Auckland
Gagnier, Kellam
Background: Properly designed and conducted systematic reviews can reliably produce valid pooled treatment effect estimates and are an important resource for clinical decision-making. However, few studies have looked at the quality of methodology and reporting in systematic reviews in the…

Poster Reporting of absolute estimates of effect of patient important benefits and harms in abstracts of systematic reviews

2012 Auckland
Johnston, Alonso-Coello, Neumann, Carrasco-Labra, Brignardello-Petersen, Sun, Akl, Briel, Busse, Dahm, Glujovsky, Granados, Iorio, Irfan, Martinez, Mustafa, Ramirez-Morera, Solá, Sultan, Tikkinen, Vandvik, Zhang, Guyatt
Background: For various reasons, readers of the literature may only refer the abstract of a systematic review to judge the magnitude of effects of alternative patient management strategies. Abstracts of systematic reviews reporting absolute estimates of effect (e.g. risk difference, number needed…

Poster Reporting, handling, and judging risk of bias associated with missing participant data in systematic reviews

2012 Auckland
Akl, Alonso-Coello, Neumann, Brignardello-Petersen, Carrasco-Labra, Johnston, Glujovsky, Iorio, Irfan, Martinez, Mustafa, Ramirez-Morera, Solá, Sultan, Tikkinen, Vandvik, Zhang, Guyatt
Background: Systematic reviewer authors need to consider study participants with missing data, and how that missing data impacts on risk of bias. Objectives: To describe methods being used in systematic reviews for reporting, handling, and judging risk of bias associated with missing…

Workshop RevMan 5.1 for Cochrane intervention review authors: How using all the new features can make life easier

2012 Auckland
Pienaar, Oliver, Kredo
Objectives: The purpose of this workshop is to demonstrate the enhanced features of RevMan 5.1 to review authors and provide an opportunity for participants to practice the steps themselves. Description: Review Manager (RevMan) is the Cochrane Collaboration’s own software, which is…

Workshop Reviews of effectiveness within a wider world of syntheses of knowledge

2012 Auckland
O’Mara-Eves, Oliver, Gough, Thomas
Objectives: Participants will gain: • a clearer understanding of the contribution of Cochrane reviews of effectiveness to the broader movement of synthesising knowledge; and • a rationale for choosing between different approaches to synthesis. Description: Synthesis methods range from…

Poster Risk difference estimation and reporting in systematic reviews

2012 Auckland
Alonso-Coello, Carrasco-Labra, Brignardello-Petersen, Neumann, Akl, Sun, Johnston, Busse, Dahm, Glujovsky, Iorio, Irfan, Martinez, Ramirez-Morera, Solá, Sultan, Tikkinen, Vandvik, Zhang, Briel, Granados, Mustafa, Guyatt
Background: Intervention effects can be presented alternatively in relative (such as relative risk) or absolute terms (such as risk difference). To avoid misleading users systematic reviews (SRs) authors should include both absolute and relative estimates. There is limited information about this…

Oral Risk of bias and data extraction form for prognosis studies

2012 Auckland
El Dib, Pierre, Weber, Ridley, Williams
Background: Over the last few years there has been increasing interest in and production of systematic reviews of prognosis studies. One challenge is to create extraction sheets and risk of bias tables for prognosis studies, as there are many variables that could affect the internal validity of…

Poster Risk of bias tool in systematic reviews/meta-analysis on acupuncture in international journals

2012 Auckland
Liu, Yang, Dai, Xu, Yan, Zhang, Jiang, Sun, Zhang, Yang
Background: Use of a risk of bias (ROB) tool was encouraged and advocated to reviewers writing systematic reviews (SRs). It is significant to know how this specific tool for assessing ROB has been applied in the past 2 years. Objectives: To evaluate whether and to what extent the new ROB tool…