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Displaying 7081 - 7100 of 10161 records Index
Poster Experiences of undertaking a diagnostic test accuracy review with the Cochrane Oral Health Group
2011 Madrid
Walsh, Littlewood, Liu
Background: Oral cancer has been identified as a high priority area of research for the Cochrane Oral Health Group (COHG). Oral cancer is the sixth most common cancer globally, with incidence increasing worldwide. External funding from the National Institutes of Health (USA) to members of editorial…
Poster Exploring indirect effects of comparative effectiveness in a Cochrane Review
2011 Madrid
Devine
Background: Often the effects of alternative interventions designed to improve care are evaluated against a usual care or placebo control group and not directly against each other. In situations where controls are equivalent, one can compare the effects of alternative interventions indirectly.…
Poster Exploring the effects of different treatment doses by 'blurring’ the nodes of a treatment network: Application to a Cochrane overview for multiple sclerosis
2011 Madrid
Del Giovane, Mavridis, Vacchi, Filippini, Salanti
Background: Several immunotherapies exist for the management of multiple sclerosis and their relative efficacy can be evaluated via Multiple-Treatments Meta-analysis (MTM). Some agents are administered at different doses, but the impact of increasing the dose on delaying the disease progression is…
Poster Exploring the experiences with a new policy for managing conflict of interest in guideline developers
2011 Madrid
Neumann, Akl, Guyatt
Background: The American College of Chest Physicians (ACCP) 9th edition of the Antithrombotic guidelines (AT9) has adopted a conflict of interest (COI) policy that gives the primary responsibility to methodologists, equally emphasises intellectual and financial conflicts of interest, and excludes…
Poster Exploring treatment by covariate interactions in mixed treatment comparison meta-analysis: Individual patient- level covariates versus aggregate trial-level covariates
2011 Madrid
Donegan, Williamson, D’Alessandro, Tudur-Smith
Background: Mixed treatment comparison (MTC) meta-analysis allows several treatment options to be compared simultaneously in a single analysis while utilising both direct and indirect evidence. Three key assumptions underlie the methodology: similarity; homogeneity; and consistency. Assessment of…
Poster External validity and generalizability of systematic reviews in primary health care: Adapting the methodology to conduct the review
2011 Madrid
Nasser, van Binsbergen, van de Laar, van Weel, Buechter
Background: Systematic reviews of health care interventions can be helpful sources to inform clinical decision-making in primary care but need to provide adequate information for decision makers to make judgments about the external validity of the included studies and about the applicability and…
Poster Extracting clinically relevant messages from drug class review
2011 Madrid
Melvin, Carey, Ranney
Background: Evidence from drug class reviews is often not accessible to practicing clinicians nor is it presented in a way that allows clinicians to use the information to guide treatment and prescribing decisions. Information on drug safety and efficacy is often difficult to interpret clinically,…
Poster Extraction error or interpretation: A case study of event data extraction in systematic reviews from three high-impact, high-quality peer-reviewed sources
2011 Madrid
Carroll, Scope, Kaltenthaler
Background: Data extraction is a crucial but under-researched area of systematic review process and methods. Data extraction errors may occur in all variables extracted for a review, but outcomes appear to generate the most errors.
Objectives: To assess differences in the event data extracted and…
Poster Feasibility of establishing a central repository for the individual participant data from research studies
2011 Madrid
Altman, Clarke, Dwan, Riley, Williamson
Meta-analysis of individual participant data (IPD) is widely accepted as the most reliable approach for systematic reviews and has been described as the 'gold standard’. Advantages include standardising outcome definition across studies, increased potential to investigate subgroups, reducing…
Poster Feasibility of fast track systematic review for policy makers: Interchangeability between pneumococcal conjugate vaccines
2011 Madrid
Ciapponi, García Martí, Rey-Ares, Glujovsky, Bardach, Valanzasca, Lee, Cafferata
Background: Streptococcus pneumoniae is a leading cause of serious illness among children worldwide. Pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCV) including 7 to 15 serotypes have been developed but there is uncertainty about the effects of interchange schemes among them. The Pan American Health…
Oral Feasibility of recruitment and training of carers of people with dementia as a route to Cochrane-NHS engagement
2011 Madrid
Struthers, Noel-Storr, Marcus, McCleery, McShane
Background: Relatives of people with dementia often want to participate in research, but their time is limited because of their caregiving role.
Objectives: The first, innovative part of the proposal is to recruit carers and former carers of people with dementia to a well-defined task: reading…
Poster Filled Gaps? Data after a year of the Pan African Clinical Trials Registry efforts to increase understanding and awareness of the child-focused clinical trial landscape
2011 Madrid
Abrams
Background: Cochrane reviews of child-focused interventions often find that trial data in children is insufficient to draw conclusions. In 2009, the Pan African Clinical Trials Registry (www.pactr.org) in partnership with the World Health Organization developed a Child Strategy as part of a multi-…
Poster Financial health equity. Intervention for balance and financial stability of institutions providing national health, health promoters and insurers
2011 Madrid
Kadar
Background: The quality of health systems is measured and influenced by limiting factors such as access, timeliness, coverage and equity in service to the population. France is known for its good health system, as the country spent 4056 (USD) per year per person on health, which is equivalent to 11…
Poster Finding public health evidence: How many stones need to be turned?
2011 Madrid
Morgan, Bauschmann, Weightman
Background: Identifying studies that are relevant to the public health field can be challenging. The public health field is broad, and interventions can be complex involving many varied settings, communities and populations. Also there is a lack of uniform terminology to describe and organise the…
Poster First results of a Systematic Review of Meta-analyses on the Efficacy of SSRI and SNRI in the Treatment of Major Depression
2011 Madrid
Koesters, Zhang, Weinmann, Cipriani, Barbui, Becker
Background: Systematic reviews and meta-analyses are the gold standard to assess efficacy and acceptability of treatments. In the field of antidepressant trials, hundreds of studies are available and many systematic reviews have been carried out so far, sometimes with conflicting results. It is…
Poster Flexible models for network meta-analysis of survival data
2011 Madrid
Jansen
Background: (Network) meta-analysis of published survival data are often based on the reported hazard ratio, which relies on the proportional hazards assumption. This assumption is implausible when hazard functions intersect and can result in invalid indirect treatment comparisons and network meta-…
Oral Forecasting yesterday’s weather: The risk of spectrum bias from the inclusion of already diagnosed/treated patients in studies of depression screening tools
2011 Madrid
Thombs, Arthurs, El-Baalbaki, Meijer, Ziegelstein, Steele
Objective: Screening involves the use of a test or procedure to detect the presence of a disease in individuals not already seeking treatment for symptoms and not already diagnosed with the condition. Studies evaluating the accuracy of screening instruments that include already diagnosed or treated…
Poster From Barcelona to Madrid: History and quality of update reporting of Cochrane Reviews flagged as updates in 2003 and analysed for the Barcelona Colloquium
2011 Madrid
Bastian, Clarke, Doust, Glasziou
Background: Cochrane reviews are intended to be updated periodi-cally, generally every two years. The Cochrane Handbook requires that reports of updates help readers to quickly and clearly identify the changes.
Objectives: To assess the quality of update reporting and map the updating history of…
Poster From Patient to Advocate
2011 Madrid
Ford
Here is a living example of two causes that have become a passion; early detection of ovarian cancer and timely referral of patients into the care of a gynecologic oncologist. Before her crisis with ovarian cancer, this individual chose mostly alternative healing methods. Impressed with the…
Poster From final search to publication of HTA reviews: Does the time gap have an influence on the usefulness of their results?
2011 Madrid
Parekh-, C, C, F, C
Background: Systematic reviews (SRs) are important building blocks for clinical practice guidelines and health technology assessment (HTA) reports. With a rapid growth in evidence, it becomes necessary to update SRs regularly to maintain their importance in informing healthcare policy and practice…