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Workshop Assessing risk of bias in included studies: the recommended tool for Cochrane reviews
2008 Freiburg
Higgins, Gagnier
Objective:
To provide initial training to review authors in the recommended tool for assessing risk of bias in Cochrane reviews.
Description:
Assessment of the (internal) validity of included studies is an important part of a Cochrane review. A new tool was implemented in RevMan 5, and is…
Poster Assessing risk of bias: comparison of the PEDro scale with Cochrane’s ‘Risk of bias’ tool
2008 Freiburg
Bennett, McCluskey, Tooth, Hoffmann, McKenna
Background: Determining the potential for bias present in randomised controlled trials is an essential part of the process in undertaking a Cochrane review. Many checklists and scales have been developed for assessing the quality of randomised controlled trials. One such system is the PEDro scale…
Poster Assessing the effects of diagnostic tests on patient outcomes: how reliable, informative and practical are randomised controlled trials?
2008 Freiburg
DiRuffano, Dinnes, Hyde, Deeks
Background: The ultimate evaluation of a diagnostic test establishes whether its use confers a benefit to patient outcomes. The clinical effectiveness of a new diagnostic test combines evaluation fo the test with contingent treatment - a so called test-plus-treatment intervention. Preliminary…
Poster Assessing the quality of diagnostic studies that use psychometric instruments: applying QUADAS in a novel area
2008 Freiburg
Mann, Hewitt, Gilbody
Background: Screening and case finding for common mental health problems (such as depression) often relies on the use of brief paper and pencil psychometric instruments, which act as proxies for clinical diagnosis. As with all diagnostic technologies, there is an increasing interest in the…
Oral Assessment of methods to adjust for publication bias through a comprehensive simulation study
2008 Freiburg
Moreno, Sutton, Ades, Stanley, Abrams, Peters, Cooper
Background: Research into publication bias suggests that it is the ‘interest level’, or statistical significance, of findings, not study rigour or quality, that determines which research gets published and subsequently becomes available. Hence, a meta-analysis which only combines published studies…
Poster Assessment of the Cochrane ‘Risk of bias’ tool: a pilot study
2008 Freiburg
Norris
Background: The new Cochrane ‘Risk of bias’ tool (RoB) assesses whether the results of a randomized controlled trial (RCT) are potentially biased. Objectives: To examine the feasibility, ease of use, and reliability of using RoB in a pilot study. Methods: The feasibility and ease of use of RoB were…
Poster Assessment of the methodological quality of reporting of randomized trials in Iranian dental journals
2008 Freiburg
Mahdian, Nasser
Background: Careful design, conduct and analysis of a randomized
controlled trial minimizes bias so that any differences observed between
participants may, apart from random error, be attributed to the intervention.
The assessment of methodological quality of trials is intertwined with
the quality…
Poster Assessment of the validity of a resources-saving selection procedure for non-English studies in systematic reviews
2008 Freiburg
Kreis, Schueler, Eyding, Wieseler
Background: Language criteria for primary studies vary between
systematic reviews: some have no restrictions, whereas others consider
only publications in English or in English and other specified languages. As
translations require considerable resources, these restrictions are understandable;…
Oral Attitudes and implementation of shared decision making: the practicalities of consumer involvement among patients with chronic diseases
2008 Freiburg
Renzi, Mastroeni, Salvatori, Melo Salcedo, Tortora, Mazzotti, J Mannooranparampil, Pasquini
Background: The importance of patient participation in health care has been increasingly recognised, due to ethical reasons and because it can have positive effects on patient satisfaction, treatment adherence and health outcomes. Objectives: To examine attitudes, satisfaction and practicalities…
Poster Barriers and concerns in patient perceptions of shared decision making in China
2008 Freiburg
Zhang, Liu, Wang, Chen, Zhang, Wang, Fan, Zhou
Background: In China, an estimated number of over 90% of patients would like to participate in shared decision making, especially, when increasing financial responsibility for health care falls on their shoulders. With the movement of evidence-based medicine introduced in the country, more and more…
Workshop Basics of meta-analysis
2008 Freiburg
Lewis
Abstract: This workshop will cover basic methods of meta-analysis available to reviewers using Revman software. The differences between methods will be discussed, and advice given on which should be used when, and why, and what the results mean. The focus will be on meta-analysis of binary data.
Oral Bayesian mixed treatment comparison meta-analysis of interventions for Metabolic Syndrome
2008 Freiburg
Castro, Charles, Dunkley, Abrams, Khunti
Background: Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) can lead to an increased risk of developing diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease. A consequence is a reduction in life expectancy and increased morbidity. Although MetS has different definitions, a diagnosis is generally confirmed if a person has three…
Poster Beyond synthesis: developing a research program on knowledge translation and exchange
2008 Freiburg
Armstrong, Waters, Doyle, Priest, Willenberg
Background: The Cochrane HPPH Field was established in 1996 and was registered as the Public Health Review Group in 2008. For over ten years, we have been extensively involved in supporting authors of Cochrane reviews relevant to health promotion and public health. As part of our role within the…
Poster Bias associated with inadequate or unclear concealment of allocation in randomized osteoarthritis trials
2008 Freiburg
Nüesch, Reichenbach, Trelle, Rutjes, Bürgi, Scherrer, Jüni
Background: For dichotomous outcomes, inadequate or unclear concealment of allocation is associated with an overestimation of treatment effects when subjective outcomes are assessed. Objectives: We determined whether inadequate or unclear concealment is associated with biased estimates of treatment…
Poster Brazilian oral health journals in Scielo: an open access tropical treasure?
2008 Freiburg
De Souza, Chaves, Nasser, Fedorowicz
Background: Open access publishing has become increasingly popular within the biomedical sciences. SciELO, the Scientific Electronic Library Online, presents digital libraries of scientific journal collections of full text articles with open access. There are some oral health journals among SciELO’…
Workshop Calculation and interpretation of the number needed to treat (NNT)
2008 Freiburg
Bender, Hildebrandt
Abstract: The number needed to treat (NNT) is widely used to present the results of clinical trials. However, incorrect calculations, misuse in specific study situations and misleading interpretation of NNTs are not uncommon in practice, for example in the case of non-significant results or in the…
Oral Can diagnostic filters offer similar sensitivity and a reduced number needed to read compared to searches based on index test and target condition?
2008 Freiburg
Whiting, Westwood, Burke, Sterne, Glanville
Background: Literature searches involve searching electronic databases, which requires a sensitive search strategy to capture as many relevant records as possible. Filters to identify test accuracy studies can lead to the omission of a considerable number of relevant studies. We have previously…
Poster Carnival time: a mapping exercise of Brazilian oral health journals
2008 Freiburg
Marchesan, De Souza, Pereira-Cenci, Fedorowicz
Background: Brazil is a rich resource in oral health research largely as a result of its many dental schools. Much of this research is not indexed to the larger international databases and thus is not available to the global community. Some reports of trials may have also been ‘buried’ as a result…
Oral Challenges of developing a geographic search filter to identify randomized controlled trials in Africa: finding the optimal balance between sensitivity and precision
2008 Freiburg
Pienaar, Grobler, Siegfried, Eisinga
Background: Research on how to best identify trials within geographic regions is limited. Identifying African-specific publications in bibliographic databases is problematic because of indexing inconsistencies and incomplete reporting by authors, especially regarding trial location. We developed a…
Poster Chinese authors do need CONSORT: reporting quality for five leading Chinese medical journals
2008 Freiburg
Li, Xu, Zhang, Ai, Wang
Background: Well-designed and properly conducted RCT provides high
quality ‘raw materials’ for conducting systematic reviews, health technology
assessment and decision analysis reports. Poorly designed and
reported trials usually exaggerate the treatment effects which will mislead
clinical decision…