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Displaying 1 - 20 of 538 records Index
Oral A systematic review of proposed approaches and exercises conducted for prioritizing topics or questions for systematic reviews
2019 Santiago
Fadlallah, El-Harakeh, Bou-Karroum, Lotfi, Akl
Background: conducting systematic reviews requires considerable efforts and resources. Therefore, groups or institutions funding or conducting those reviews need to work with policymakers and stakeholders on prioritizing the topics.
Objectives: to systematically review the literature for…
Poster An approach to assessing data richness in primary qualitative studies included in a qualitative evidence synthesis: a worked example
2019 Santiago
Ames, Lewin, Glenton
Background: in a qualitative evidence synthesis, too much data due to a large number of studies can undermine our ability to perform a thorough analysis. Purposive sampling of primary studies for inclusion in the synthesis is one way of achieving a manageable amount of data. One approach to study…
Workshop Issues in using, interpreting, and presenting patient-reported outcomes in Cochrane Reviews
2019 Santiago
Patrick, Devji, Guyatt
Background: systematic reviews and meta-analyses of randomized trials that include patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) provide crucial information for patients and clinicians facing challenging healthcare decisions. Based on emerging methods, guidance on combining PROMs in meta-analyses and…
Oral “Evidence Tori dey”: Contextualising knowledge translation and communication of evidence for Consumers through Storytelling in treatment of malaria in Africa
2019 Santiago
Ndi, Dohmatob, Mbah Okwen
Background: the diverse nature of consumers of Cochrane evidence calls for diverse approaches in evidence translation and communication. In Africa for example, literacy rates are low and the people are ingrained in a culture of storytelling and the arts. Cochrane evidence presented as text and…
Oral 'Leaving no-one behind': applying an equity lens to Cochrane Eyes and Vision reviews on cataract
2019 Santiago
Evans, Mwangi, Burn, Ramke
Background: cataract is the most important cause of blindness in the world with an estimated 20 million people blind due to cataract. Cataract blindness is unequally distributed globally, with disadvantaged populations having a higher prevalence. We investigated the extent to which Cochrane Eyes…
Oral 'Other bias' in the 'Risk of bias' tool for Cochrane Reviews: a systematic analysis
2019 Santiago
Luo, Lv, Yu, Wang, Ma, Liu, Estill, Yang, Chen
Background: the Cochrane 'Risk of bias' tool is frequently used for assessing the quality of Cochrane Reviews. So far no evaluation of 'other bias' (i.e. bias other than selection, performance, detection, attrition, or reporting) in Cochrane Reviews has been performed.…
Oral 'Risk of bias' assessments for random sequence generation and blinding of participants and personnel in Cochrane Systematic Reviews were frequently inadequate
2019 Santiago
Barcot, Boric, Dosenovic, Poklepovic Pericic, Cavar, Vuka, Puljak
Background: assessing the risk of bias (RoB) in included studies is one of the key methodological aspects of systematic reviews. Cochrane Systematic Reviews appraise RoB of randomised controlled trials (RCTs) with the Cochrane RoB tool. Detailed instructions for using the Cochrane RoB tool are…
Oral 'To fast or not to fast': Cochrane Nutrition and the Cochrane Fast-track Service join hands to produce a priority nutrition review for WHO
2019 Santiago
Naude, Schoonees, Wakeford, Lasserson
Background: Cochrane’s Fast-Track Service provides a rapid ‘journal-like’ editorial process for some high-priority reviews. Cochrane Nutrition and the Fast-track team collaborated to respond to a World Health Organization (WHO) request for a nutrition review update needed urgently to inform an…
Poster A 40-hour tailored training programme improves evidence-based practice (EBP) competences in clinical nurses
2019 Santiago
Yeh, Chang, Dai, Chung, Wang
Background: today, medical care can be guided by evidence-based practice (EBP), and EBP is a well-accepted healthcare model for nursing practice in Taiwan. In order to perform EBP adequately, it is mandatory for healthcare professionals to acquire not only knowledge, but also skills and attitude…
Poster A Framework for Choosing Between Multiple Interventions in Guidelines
2019 Santiago
Piggott, Schünemann
Background: guidelines that are developed with the GRADE approach may encounter situations where multiple interventions exist for a given topic. In these scenarios guideline groups should compare all these interventions in order to be useful to the users who will themselves have to choose between…
Oral A Patients Included Cochrane Colloquium: embracing diversity, accepting challenge!
2019 Santiago
Chapman, Quinlan
Background: full involvement of healthcare consumers in conferences is not yet the norm but is increasingly recognised as desirable. Bringing in consumers’ diverse experiences and skills has many benefits both at the event and beyond it.
Objectives: Cochrane UK decided to organize the Cochrane…
Oral A comparison of the Hartung-Knapp-Sidik-Jonkman method for meta-analysis with conventional frequentist methods: a systematic review of simulation and empirical studies
2019 Santiago
Zeraatkar, Han, Ge, Hanna, Guyatt
Background: random-effects meta-analysis with the DerSimonian-Laird heterogeneity estimator has become standard in systematic reviews and statistical analysis packages, including Review Manager, but it produces high type I error rates and inappropriately narrow confidence intervals, particularly in…
Oral A comprehensive handsearch of controlled clinical trials published in otolaryngology journals in Spanish
2019 Santiago
Garnham Parra, Meza, García Valdebenito, Papuzinski Aguayo, Arancibia, Gauna Palavecino, Madrid, Pérez-Bracchiglione, Pardo-Hernandez
Background: randomized controlled trials (RCTs) provide the most reliable evidence about the efficacy of healthcare interventions when they are properly carried out. They are the best methodological design to prove causality when testing a research hypothesis, and the essential input to conduct…
Poster A critical review to nutrition clinical practice guideline
2019 Santiago
Cai, Sun, Chen, Bu, Yang, Gao, Zhang, Tian
Background: good nutritional status is crucial to health. In view of the importance of nutrition, many nutrition clinical practice guidelines (NCPGs) have been developed. However, the quality of these clinical practice guidelines are variable.
Objectives: to evaluate the quality of nutrition…
Oral A hierarchical framework of methods for systematic searching
2019 Santiago
Clark, Beller, Glasziou, Sanders
Background: comprehensive and well implemented searches are necessary to minimize the chance of publication bias and to generate reliable systematic review findings. Guidance documents exist to help reviewers perform systematic searches, but to our knowledge, no formal classification of all…
Oral A multi-layered approach to base decisions in systematic reviews and the GRADE approach: The Chilean National Guideline Program Case
2019 Santiago
Rodriguez, Herrera, Burdiles, Kraemer, Sepulveda, Pimentel, Quiñelen, Contreras, Pesso, Olave, Salas, Rojas, Zecchetto, Caba, Camus, Ganchozo, Bobadilla, Vasquez, Madrid, Perez-Bracchiglione, Meza, Garnham, Sanchez, Neumann
Background: before 2016, clinical guidelines developed by the Ministry of Health were not based on systematic reviews. Also, panels were not multidisciplinary and the recommendations were based mainly on expert opinion. As result, studies assessing the quality of recommendations showed that most…
Oral A multi-method study to explore publication and related bias in health services and delivery research
2019 Santiago
Ayorinde, Williams, Mannion, Song, Skrybant, Lilford, Chen
Background: bias in the publication and reporting of research findings is a major threat in evidence synthesis. While publication and related bias have been well documented in clinical research (which concerns health issues related to individual patients), little is known about the occurrence and…
Oral A new approach for explicit judgments of values and preferences: define the benefit required for an intervention
2019 Santiago
Helsingen, Siemieniuk, Vandvik, Zeng, Bretthauer, Agoritsas, Guyatt
Background: judgments about values and preferences, implicit or explicit, inform all clinical practice guidelines. When, as is frequently the case in screening for cancer, a single critical outcome exists, a potentially useful framing of the key question is: 'Given the expected harms and…
Poster A new approach to assessing the limitations of ‘non-conventional’ evidence sources: the ‘Ways of Evaluating Important and Relevant Data’ (WEIRD) tool
2019 Santiago
Lewin, Langlois, Tuncalp, Portela
Background: decision makers are interested not only in whether an intervention works but also how it works and its components. Programme and implementation descriptions, and other descriptive information, can provide valuable evidence on these questions. To include these sources in evidence…
Oral A novel approach to evaluate the plausibility of causal relationships from non-randomized studies
2019 Santiago
Zeraatkar, Vernooij, Han, Valli, Rabassa, El Dib, Bala, Alonso-Coello, Johnston, Guyatt
Background: when randomized studies are unavailable, non-randomized studies – despite the potential for confounding – represent the best available evidence. The presence of a dose-response gradient has long been recognized as an important criterion for evaluating a putative causal relationship.…